{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:53:41Z","timestamp":1760237621229,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":4,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]],"date-time":"2020-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591574400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Limited research has been done on the risk and predisposing factors of catatonic symptoms induced by traumatic events. There seem to be two types or constructs of conditioning that predispose an individual to catatonic symptoms in response to traumatic events: external conditioning and internal conditioning. Here, we review a study that found a significant correlation between the Bush\u2013Francis Catatonia Scale and the Adverse Childhood Experience questionnaire; we also review studies of rats that were conditioned to expect an electric shock who developed catatonia-like immobility without the shock being applied. We also review the clinical case report of a previously traumatized individual.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci10060354","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,9]],"date-time":"2020-06-09T04:19:39Z","timestamp":1591676379000},"page":"354","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Can Trauma Condition Vulnerable Individuals to Develop Catatonic Symptoms?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Jackson","family":"Hortenstine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, 997 St. Sebastian Way, Augusta, GA 30912, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1922-9396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nagy","family":"Youssef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Health Behavior &amp; Office of Academic Affairs, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, 997 St. Sebastian Way, Augusta, GA 30912, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1080\/15299732.2015.1136858","article-title":"The relationship between catatonia and dissociation: A preliminary investigation","volume":"17","author":"Ross","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Trauma Dissociation"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"128","article-title":"Catatonia as an element of submissive behavior in mice during interspecies agonistic interactions","volume":"39","author":"Kudriavtseva","year":"1989","journal-title":"Zhurnal Vysshei Nervnoi Deiatelnosti Imeni I P Pavlova"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00434398","article-title":"EEG change in the conscious rat during immobility induced by psychological stress","volume":"71","author":"Iwata","year":"1980","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl.)"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psym.2016.08.011","article-title":"Catatonic and Psychotic Symptoms Owing to the Trauma of Captivity in a Cult Environment","volume":"58","author":"Dunn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"}],"container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-3425\/10\/6\/354\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T09:36:35Z","timestamp":1760175395000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-3425\/10\/6\/354"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]]},"references-count":4,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]}},"alternative-id":["brainsci10060354"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/brainsci10060354","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-3425"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2076-3425"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]]}}}