{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T19:34:46Z","timestamp":1785440086716,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,6]],"date-time":"2020-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005627","name":"Thrasher Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["02827-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["02827-7"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005627","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hypoxic\u2013ischemic injury (HII) at birth has been found to relate to differences in development, including decreased memory performance. The current study assessed recognition memory in 6- and 12-month-old HII infants and typically developing (TD) infants using two eye-tracking paradigms well suited to explore explicit memory processes early in life: visual paired comparison (VPC) and relational memory (RM). During the VPC, infants were familiarized to a face and then tested for their novelty preference immediately and after a two-minute delay. At 6 months, neither HII nor TD showed a VPC novelty preference at immediate delay, but at 12 months, both groups did; after the two-minute delay, no group showed a novelty preference. During RM, infants were presented with blocks containing a learning phase with three different scene\u2013face pairs, and a test phase with one of the three scenes and all three faces appearing simultaneously. When there was no interference from other scene\u2013face pairs between learning and test, 6-month-old TD showed evidence of an early novelty preference, but when there was interference, they revealed an early familiarity preference. For 12-month-old TD, some evidence for a novelty preference during RM was seen regardless of interference. Although HII and TD showed similar recognition memory on the VPC, when looking at RM, HII infants showed subtle differences in their attention to the familiar and novel faces as compared to their TD peers, suggesting that there might be subtle differences in the underlying memory processing mechanisms between HII and TD. More work is needed to understand how these attentional patterns might be predictive of later memory outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci10110823","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,6]],"date-time":"2020-11-06T09:09:30Z","timestamp":1604653770000},"page":"823","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Attentional Measures of Memory in Typically Developing and Hypoxic\u2013Ischemic Injured Infants"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8174-0534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer B.","family":"Wagner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, College of Staten Island, City University of New York, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adeline","family":"Jab\u00e8s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agatha","family":"Norwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Medical Group of New Mexico, Presbyterian Hospital, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles A.","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA"},{"name":"Harvard Graduate School of Education, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2010.05.010","article-title":"Epidemiology of neonatal encephalopathy and hypoxic\u2013ischaemic encephalopathy","volume":"86","author":"Kurinczuk","year":"2010","journal-title":"Early Hum. 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