{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T21:58:04Z","timestamp":1791669484448,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,8]],"date-time":"2021-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004271","name":"Sapienza Universit\u00e0 di Roma","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AR11715C54F9A316"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AR11715C54F9A316"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004271","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009104","name":"Universit\u00e0 Degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emila","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CUP86J17000340005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CUP86J17000340005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009104","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sleep has a crucial role in memory processes, and maturational changes in sleep electrophysiology are involved in cognitive development. Albeit both sleep and memory alterations have been observed in Developmental Dyslexia (DD), their relation in this population has been scarcely investigated, particularly concerning topographical aspects. The study aimed to compare sleep topography and associated sleep-related declarative memory consolidation in participants with DD and normal readers (NR). Eleven participants with DD and 18 NR (9\u201314 years old) underwent a whole-night polysomnography. They were administered a word pair task before and after sleep to assess for declarative memory consolidation. Memory performance and sleep features (macro and microstructural) were compared between the groups, and the intercorrelations between consolidation rate and sleep measures were assessed. DD showed a deeper worsening in memory after sleep compared to NR and reduced slow spindles in occipito-parietal and left fronto-central areas. Our results suggest specific alterations in local sleep EEG (i.e., sleep spindles) and in sleep-dependent memory consolidation processes in DD. We highlight the importance of a topographical approach, which might shed light on potential alteration in regional cortical oscillation dynamics in DD. The latter might represent a target for therapeutic interventions aimed at enhancing cognitive functioning in DD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci11010073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,8]],"date-time":"2021-01-08T08:58:34Z","timestamp":1610096314000},"page":"73","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Sleep-Related Declarative Memory Consolidation in Children and Adolescents with Developmental Dyslexia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Flaminia","family":"Reda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5544-5483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurizio","family":"Gorgoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aurora","family":"D'Atri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L\u2019Aquila, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9260-7111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serena","family":"Scarpelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6933-5675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Carpi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erica","family":"Di Cola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8418-9570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deny","family":"Menghini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Vicari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Life Science and Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00153 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Stella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Education and Human Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42121 Reggio Emilia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3613-6631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luigi","family":"De Gennaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2013.12.025","article-title":"Sleep and the price of plasticity: From synaptic and cellular homeostasis to memory consolidation and integration","volume":"81","author":"Tononi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gorgoni, M., D\u2019Atri, A., Lauri, G., Rossini, P.M., Ferlazzo, F., and De Gennaro, L. 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