{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T19:27:38Z","timestamp":1780601258999,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,7]],"date-time":"2021-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612656000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002261","name":"Russian Foundation for Basic Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18-04-01321"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18-04-01321"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002261","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004285","name":"Saint Petersburg State University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51143531"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51143531"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004285","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cardiotonic steroids (CTS) are specific inhibitors and endogenous ligands of a key enzyme in the CNS\u2014the Na+, K+-ATPase, which maintains and creates an ion gradient on the plasma membrane of neurons. CTS cause the activation of various signaling cascades and changes in gene expression in neurons and other cell types. It is known that intracerebroventricular injection of cardiotonic steroid ouabain causes mania-like behavior in rodents, in part due to activation of dopamine-related signaling cascades in the dopamine and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein 32 (DARPP-32) expressing medium spiny neurons in the striatum. Dopaminergic projections in the striatum innervate these GABAergic medium spiny neurons. The objective of this study was to assess changes in the expression of all genes in human iPSC-derived expressing DARPP-32 and GABA receptors neurons under the influence of ouabain. We noted a large number of statistically significant upregulated and downregulated genes after a 16-h incubation with non-toxic concentration (30 nM) of ouabain. These changes in the transcriptional activity were accomplished with activation of MAP-kinase ERK1\/2 and transcriptional factor cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB). Thus, it can be concluded that 30 nM ouabain incubated for 16 h with human iPSC-derived expressing DARPP-32 and GABA receptors neurons activates genes associated with neuronal maturation and synapse formation, by increasing the expression of genes associated with translation, vesicular transport, and increased electron transport chain function. At the same time, the expression of genes associated with proliferation, migration, and early development of neurons decreases. These data indicate that non-toxic concentrations of ouabain may induce neuronal maturation, neurite growth, and increased synaptogenesis in dopamine-receptive GABAergic neurons, suggesting formation of plasticity and the establishment of new neuronal junctions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci11020203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,8]],"date-time":"2021-02-08T20:51:51Z","timestamp":1612817511000},"page":"203","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Ouabain-Induced Gene Expression Changes in Human iPSC-Derived Neuron Culture Expressing Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32 and GABA Receptors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5688-3899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander V.","family":"Lopachev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Neurochemistry, Research Center of Neurology, 125367 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9594-1134","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria A.","family":"Lagarkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cell Biology, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga S.","family":"Lebedeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cell Biology, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margarita A.","family":"Ezhova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 127051 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 121205 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rogneda B.","family":"Kazanskaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological Department, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yulia A.","family":"Timoshina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Neurochemistry, Research Center of Neurology, 125367 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Biological Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anastasiya V.","family":"Khutorova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Neurochemistry, Research Center of Neurology, 125367 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Biological Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evgeny E.","family":"Akkuratov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Science for Life Laboratory, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatiana N.","family":"Fedorova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Neurochemistry, Research Center of Neurology, 125367 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raul R.","family":"Gainetdinov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Translational Biomedicine and Saint Petersburg University Hospital, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.108.000711","article-title":"Endogenous cardiotonic steroids: Physiology, pharmacology, and novel therapeutic targets","volume":"61","author":"Bagrov","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pharmacol. 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