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While the comprehension of \u201cdegraded\u201d speech is normally automatic, it depends on dynamic and adaptive processing across distributed neural networks. This presents the brain with an immense computational challenge, making degraded speech processing vulnerable to a range of brain disorders. Therefore, it is likely to be a sensitive marker of neural circuit dysfunction and an index of retained neural plasticity. Considering experimental methods for studying degraded speech and factors that affect its processing in healthy individuals, we review the evidence for altered degraded speech processing in major neurodegenerative diseases, traumatic brain injury and stroke. We develop a predictive coding framework for understanding deficits of degraded speech processing in these disorders, focussing on the \u201clanguage-led dementias\u201d\u2014the primary progressive aphasias. We conclude by considering prospects for using degraded speech as a probe of language network pathophysiology, a diagnostic tool and a target for therapeutic intervention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci11030394","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,21]],"date-time":"2021-03-21T22:00:37Z","timestamp":1616364037000},"page":"394","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Processing of Degraded Speech in Brain Disorders"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Jessica","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elia","family":"Benhamou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7241-2272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheena","family":"Waters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preventive Neurology Unit, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy C. S.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Volkmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London WC1H 0AP, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5092-6325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rimona S.","family":"Weil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles R.","family":"Marshall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK"},{"name":"Preventive Neurology Unit, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason D.","family":"Warren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris J. D.","family":"Hardy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-1523.34.2.460","article-title":"Perceptual learning of noise vocoded words: Effects of feedback and lexicality","volume":"34","author":"Davis","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1080\/01690965.2012.705006","article-title":"Speech recognition in adverse conditions: A review","volume":"27","author":"Mattys","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lang. Cogn. 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