{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T03:15:19Z","timestamp":1767928519475,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,5]],"date-time":"2021-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010571","name":"R\u00e9seau en Bio-Imagerie du Quebec","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5886"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5886"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010571","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOP-BSC343410-97930-DLGNH"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOP-BSC343410-97930-DLGNH"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGPIN-2016-05216N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGPIN-2016-05216N"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000156","name":"Fonds de Recherche du Qu\u00e9bec - Sant\u00e9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["277581"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["277581"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000156","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke Institutional Chair in Neuroinformatics","award":["-"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["-"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000095","name":"Savoy Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["studentship"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["studentship"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000095","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Operculo-insular epilepsy (OIE) is an under-recognized condition that can mimic temporal and extratemporal epilepsies. Previous studies have revealed structural connectivity changes in the epileptic network of focal epilepsy. However, most reports use the debated streamline-count to quantify \u2018connectivity strength\u2019 and rely on standard tracking algorithms. We propose a sophisticated cutting-edge method that is robust to crossing fibers, optimizes cortical coverage, and assigns an accurate microstructure-reflecting quantitative conectivity marker, namely the COMMIT (Convex Optimization Modeling for Microstructure Informed Tractography)-weight. Using our pipeline, we report the connectivity alterations in OIE. COMMIT-weighted matrices were created in all participants (nine patients with OIE, eight patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), and 22 healthy controls (HC)). In the OIE group, widespread increases in \u2018connectivity strength\u2019 were observed bilaterally. In OIE patients, \u2018hyperconnections\u2019 were observed between the insula and the pregenual cingulate gyrus (OIE group vs. HC group) and between insular subregions (OIE vs. TLE). Graph theoretic analyses revealed higher connectivity within insular subregions of OIE patients (OIE vs. TLE). We reveal, for the first time, the structural connectivity distribution in OIE. The observed pattern of connectivity in OIE likely reflects a diffuse epileptic network incorporating insular-connected regions and may represent a structural signature and diagnostic biomarker.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci11081041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,5]],"date-time":"2021-08-05T09:35:32Z","timestamp":1628156132000},"page":"1041","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Structural Connectivity Alterations in Operculo-Insular Epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Sami","family":"Obaid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departement of Neurosciences, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche du CHUM (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada"},{"name":"Centre Hospitalier de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (CHUM), Division of Neurosurgery, Montreal, QC H2X 3E4, Canada"},{"name":"Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab (SCIL), Sherbrooke University, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 0A5, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Rheault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab (SCIL), Sherbrooke University, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 0A5, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manon","family":"Edde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab (SCIL), Sherbrooke University, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 0A5, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4422-2225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guido I.","family":"Guberman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab (SCIL), Sherbrooke University, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 0A5, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Etienne","family":"St-Onge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab (SCIL), Sherbrooke University, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 0A5, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jasmeen","family":"Sidhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab (SCIL), Sherbrooke University, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 0A5, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alain","family":"Bouthillier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (CHUM), Division of Neurosurgery, Montreal, QC H2X 3E4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Daducci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jimmy","family":"Ghaziri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche du CHUM (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michel W.","family":"Bojanowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (CHUM), Division of Neurosurgery, Montreal, QC H2X 3E4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dang K.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departement of Neurosciences, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche du CHUM (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada"},{"name":"Centre Hospitalier de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (CHUM), Division of Neurology, Montreal, QC H2X 3E4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8191-2129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maxime","family":"Descoteaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab (SCIL), Sherbrooke University, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 0A5, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1097\/WNP.0000000000000396","article-title":"Insular Epilepsy: Semiology and Noninvasive Investigations","volume":"34","author":"Obaid","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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