{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T13:53:36Z","timestamp":1788184416758,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,12]],"date-time":"2021-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GNT1037746"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GNT1037746"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GNT1072451"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GNT1072451"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GNT1103258"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GNT1103258"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Australian Research Council","award":["CE11000102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CE11000102"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FT160100096"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FT160100096"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DP180101548"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP180101548"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Impaired verbal \u2018phonological\u2019 short-term memory is considered a cardinal feature of the logopenic variant of primary progressive aphasia (lv-PPA) and is assumed to underpin most of the language deficits in this syndrome. Clinically, examination of verbal short-term memory in individuals presenting with PPA is common practice and serves two objectives: (i) to help understand the possible mechanisms underlying the patient\u2019s language profile and (ii) to help differentiate lv-PPA from other PPA variants or from other dementia syndromes. Distinction between lv-PPA and the non-fluent variant of PPA (nfv-PPA), however, can be especially challenging due to overlapping language profiles and comparable psychometric performances on verbal short-term memory tests. Here, we present case vignettes of the three PPA variants (lv-PPA, nfv-PPA, and the semantic variant (sv-PPA)) and typical Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD). These vignettes provide a detailed description of the short-term and working memory profiles typically found in these patients and highlight how speech output and language comprehension deficits across the PPA variants differentially interfere with verbal memory performance. We demonstrate that a combination of verbal short-term and working memory measures provides crucial information regarding the cognitive mechanisms underlying language disturbances in PPA. In addition, we propose that analogous visuospatial span tasks are essential for the assessment of PPA as they measure memory capacity without language contamination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci11081060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,12]],"date-time":"2021-08-12T10:54:41Z","timestamp":1628765681000},"page":"1060","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Verbal Short-Term Memory Disturbance in the Primary Progressive Aphasias: Challenges and Distinctions in a Clinical Setting"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0299-3344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Foxe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"},{"name":"Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5370-7219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sau Chi","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"},{"name":"Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4436-0871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Cordato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia"},{"name":"St George Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia"},{"name":"The Department of Aged Care, St George Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia"},{"name":"Calvary Health Care Kogarah, Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9638-2768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James R.","family":"Burrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia"},{"name":"Concord Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6996-8317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebekah M.","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia"},{"name":"Central Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4236-7401","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cathleen","family":"Taylor-Rubin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cognitive Science, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Speech Pathology, Uniting War Memorial Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2024, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4950-8169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muireann","family":"Irish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"},{"name":"Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6696-1440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olivier","family":"Piguet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"},{"name":"Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31821103e6","article-title":"Classification of primary progressive aphasia and its variants","volume":"76","author":"Hillis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000320506.79811.da","article-title":"The logopenic\/phonological variant of primary progressive aphasia","volume":"71","author":"Brambati","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-132468","article-title":"Verbal repetition in primary progressive aphasia and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"41","author":"Leyton","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. 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