{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T06:15:41Z","timestamp":1764656141105,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]],"date-time":"2021-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633910400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: Complement system activation has been proposed as one of the different factors that contribute to Multiple Sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis. In this study, we aimed to describe the potential effects of eculizumab, an anticomplement therapy, on MS disease activity in a cohort of relapsing\u2013remitting (RR) MS patients who discontinued IFN-\u03b2 therapy due to IFN-\u03b2-related thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) onset. (2) Methods: In this retrospective observational multicentric study, we searched for all patients with MS treated by eculizumab with a survey of several nephrological and neurological centers (over 45 centers). (3) Results: Nine patients were included. The mean follow-up time under eculizumab was 3.72 \u00b1 2.58 years. There were no significant differences in disease activity (EDSS, relapses, new T2, and\/or Gd-enhancing lesions at MRI) considering the two years before and after eculizumab therapy. No adverse events potentially related to eculizumab therapy were reported during follow-up. (4) Conclusions: In this preliminary study, we described a good safety profile for eculizumab therapy in MS. However, the available data are not sufficient to make firm conclusions about the possible efficacy of eculizumab as a disease-modifying therapy for MS patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci11101341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]],"date-time":"2021-10-11T09:16:42Z","timestamp":1633943802000},"page":"1341","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Safety and Efficacy of Eculizumab Therapy in Multiple Sclerosis: A Case Series"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9949-3543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Allinovi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9889-9058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelo","family":"Bellinvia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NEUROFARBA Department, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2882-4226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Pesce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Milan Manani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplant, San Bortolo Hospital, 36100 Vicenza, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Razzolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NEUROFARBA Department, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brigida","family":"Brezzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, SS Antonio e Biagio e C. Arrigo Hospital, 15121 Alessandria, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Protopapa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vittorio","family":"Mantero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MS Center, Department of Neurology, ASST Lecco, 23900 Lecco, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leonardo","family":"Caroti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Calogero Lino","family":"Cirami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Pia","family":"Amato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NEUROFARBA Department, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Don Carlo Gnocchi, 50143 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4261-2323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucia","family":"Del Vecchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology and Dialysis, ASST Lariana, 22100 Como, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-018-0041-4","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis","volume":"4","author":"Filippi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. 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