{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T23:11:47Z","timestamp":1791501107895,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,30]],"date-time":"2021-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640822400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01NS082386"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01NS082386"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32-NS082168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32-NS082168"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K07AG066813"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K07AG066813"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Prevalence rates for mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD-MCI) remain variable, obscuring the diagnosis\u2019 predictive utility of greater dementia risk. A primary factor of this variability is inconsistent operationalization of normative cutoffs for cognitive impairment. We aimed to determine which cutoff was optimal for classifying individuals as PD-MCI by comparing classifications against data-driven PD cognitive phenotypes. Participants with idiopathic PD (n = 494; mean age 64.7 \u00b1 9) completed comprehensive neuropsychological testing. Cluster analyses (K-means, Hierarchical) identified cognitive phenotypes using domain-specific composites. PD-MCI criteria were assessed using separate cutoffs (\u22121, \u22121.5, \u22122 SD) on \u22652 tests in a domain. Cutoffs were compared using PD-MCI prevalence rates, MCI subtype frequencies (single\/multi-domain, executive function (EF)\/non-EF impairment), and validity against the cluster-derived cognitive phenotypes (using chi-square tests\/binary logistic regressions). Cluster analyses resulted in similar three-cluster solutions: Cognitively Average (n = 154), Low EF (n = 227), and Prominent EF\/Memory Impairment (n = 113). The \u22121.5 SD cutoff produced the best model of cluster membership (PD-MCI classification accuracy = 87.9%) and resulted in the best alignment between PD-MCI classification and the empirical cognitive profile containing impairments associated with greater dementia risk. Similar to previous Alzheimer\u2019s work, these findings highlight the utility of comparing empirical and actuarial approaches to establish concurrent validity of cognitive impairment in PD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12010054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,30]],"date-time":"2021-12-30T21:41:21Z","timestamp":1640900481000},"page":"54","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Mapping Actuarial Criteria for Parkinson\u2019s Disease-Mild Cognitive Impairment onto Data-Driven Cognitive Phenotypes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Lauren E.","family":"Kenney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA"},{"name":"Norman Fixel Institute of Neurological Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrianna M.","family":"Ratajska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA"},{"name":"Norman Fixel Institute of Neurological Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca V.","family":"Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA"},{"name":"Norman Fixel Institute of Neurological Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine C.","family":"Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2163-1907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melissa J.","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norman Fixel Institute of Neurological Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7329-2014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dawn","family":"Bowers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA"},{"name":"Norman Fixel Institute of Neurological Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27902","article-title":"Prevalence and Clinical Aspects of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson\u2019s Disease: A Meta-Analysis","volume":"35","author":"Baiano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mov. 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