{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T16:29:41Z","timestamp":1774974581616,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]],"date-time":"2022-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005339","name":"American Academy of Neurology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020 Clinical Research Scholarship in Tourette Syndrome"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020 Clinical Research Scholarship in Tourette Syndrome"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005339","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005331","name":"American Brain Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020 Clinical Research Scholarship in Tourette Syndrome"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020 Clinical Research Scholarship in Tourette Syndrome"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005331","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008771","name":"Tourette Association of America","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020 Clinical Research Scholarship in Tourette Syndrome"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020 Clinical Research Scholarship in Tourette Syndrome"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008771","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Motor inhibition is an important cognitive process involved in tic suppression. As the right frontal lobe contains important inhibitory network nodes, we characterized right superior, middle, and inferior frontal gyral (RSFG, RMFG, RIFG) event-related oscillations during motor inhibition in youth with chronic tic disorders (CTD) versus controls. Fourteen children with CTD and 13 controls (10\u201317 years old) completed an anticipated-response stop signal task while dense-array electroencephalography was recorded. Between-group differences in spectral power changes (3\u201350 Hz) were explored after source localization and multiple comparisons correction. Two epochs within the stop signal task were studied: (1) preparatory phase early in the trial before motor execution\/inhibition and (2) active inhibition phase after stop signal presentation. Correlation analyses between electrophysiologic data and clinical rating scales for tic, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and inattention\/hyperactivity were performed. There were no behavioral or electrophysiological differences during active stopping. During stop preparation, CTD participants showed greater event-related desynchronization (ERD) in the RSFG (\u03b3-band), RMFG (\u03b2, \u03b3-bands), and RIFG (\u03b8, \u03b1, \u03b2, \u03b3-bands). Higher RSFG \u03b3-ERD correlated with lower tic severity (r = 0.66, p = 0.04). Our findings suggest RSFG \u03b3-ERD may represent a mechanism that allows CTD patients to keep tics under control and achieve behavioral performance similar to peers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12020151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T20:44:33Z","timestamp":1643143473000},"page":"151","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["EEG Correlates of Active Stopping and Preparation for Stopping in Chronic Tic Disorder"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8172-3117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alonso","family":"Zea Vera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Children\u2019s National Hospital, Washington, DC 20010, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20052, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ernest V.","family":"Pedapati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Travis R.","family":"Larsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Kohmescher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4062-6679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Makoto","family":"Miyakoshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Huddleston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hannah S.","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donald L.","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul S.","family":"Horn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steve W.","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2012.05.002","article-title":"Prevalence of tic disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"Knight","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr. 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