{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:56:09Z","timestamp":1760151369091,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,12]],"date-time":"2022-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000055","name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 DC014942","R01 DC012519"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DC014942","R01 DC012519"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21 NS094684"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21 NS094684"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002607","name":"American Speech-Language-Hearing Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["New Investigator Research Grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["New Investigator Research Grant"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002607","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The objective of this study was to characterize network-level changes in nonfluent\/agrammatic Primary Progressive Aphasia (agPPA) and Primary Progressive Apraxia of Speech (PPAOS) with graph theory (GT) measures derived from scalp electroencephalography (EEG) recordings. EEGs of 15 agPPA and 7 PPAOS patients were collected during relaxed wakefulness with eyes closed (21 electrodes, 10\u201320 positions, 256 Hz sampling rate, 1\u2013200 Hz bandpass filter). Eight artifact-free, non-overlapping 1024-point epochs were selected. Via Brainwave software, GT weighted connectivity and minimum spanning tree (MST) measures were calculated for theta and upper and lower alpha frequency bands. Differences in GT and MST measures between agPPA and PPAOS were assessed with Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Of greatest interest, Spearman correlations were computed between behavioral and network measures in all frequency bands across all patients. There were no statistically significant differences in GT or MST measures between agPPA and PPAOS. There were significant correlations between several network and behavioral variables. The correlations demonstrate a relationship between reduced global efficiency and clinical symptom severity (e.g., parkinsonism, AOS). This preliminary, exploratory study demonstrates potential for EEG GT measures to quantify network changes associated with degenerative speech\u2013language disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12030378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,13]],"date-time":"2022-03-13T22:29:43Z","timestamp":1647210583000},"page":"378","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Preliminary Report of Network Electroencephalographic Measures in Primary Progressive Apraxia of Speech and Aphasia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9519-1302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rene L.","family":"Utianski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hugo","family":"Botha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John N.","family":"Caviness","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory A.","family":"Worrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8206-3432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph R.","family":"Duffy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9697-0084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heather M.","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer L.","family":"Whitwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keith A.","family":"Josephs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2010.216432","article-title":"EEG abnormalities in early and late onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Understanding heterogeneity","volume":"82","author":"Stam","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. 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