{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T23:46:58Z","timestamp":1790293618092,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,28]],"date-time":"2022-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648425600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Neurological manifestations during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic are of interest, regarding acute treatment and the so-called post-COVID-19 syndrome. Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative movement disorders worldwide. Hence, the influence of SARS-CoV-2 and the COVID-19 syndrome on PD patients has raised many questions and produced various publications with conflicting results. We reviewed the literature, with respect to symptoms, treatment, and whether the virus itself might cause PD during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in SARS-CoV-2-affected symptomatic PD patients (COVID-19 syndrome). In addition, we comment on the consequences in non-symptomatic and non-affected PD patients, as well as post-COVID syndrome and its potential linkage to PD, presenting our own data from our out-patient clinic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12040456","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]],"date-time":"2022-03-29T21:40:14Z","timestamp":1648590014000},"page":"456","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 and Parkinson\u2019s Disease\u2014Many Issues Need to Be Clarified\u2014A Critical Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Tsepo","family":"Goerttler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Essen University Hospital, 45147 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun-Hae","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Fleischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Essen University Hospital, 45147 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Stettner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Essen University Hospital, 45147 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6621-144X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars","family":"T\u00f6nges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Klebe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Essen University Hospital, 45147 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30183-5","article-title":"Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China","volume":"395","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3104","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa240","article-title":"The emerging spectrum of COVID-19 neurology: Clinical, radiological and laboratory findings","volume":"143","author":"Paterson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2268","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2008597","article-title":"Neurologic Features in Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection","volume":"382","author":"Helms","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. 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