{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T14:54:34Z","timestamp":1788274474066,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]],"date-time":"2022-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657152000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"POC Sicilia 2014-20\u2014Avviso 37\/2020","award":["G67C20000210002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G67C20000210002"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Antipsychotics are a class of psychotropic drugs that improve psychotic symptoms and reduce relapse risk. However, they may cause side effects (SE) that impact patients\u2019 quality of life and psychosocial functioning. Therefore, there is a need for practical tools to identify them and possibly intervene. The objective of the present study was to translate into Italian the Glasgow Antipsychotic Side Effect Scale (GASS), which is suggested as the questionnaire of choice to collect SE reported by patients treated with antipsychotics. We administered the GASS and the Udvalg for Kliniske Unders\u00f8gelser (UKU) SE scale\u2014which is considered the gold standard\u2014to 100 stable patients with schizophrenia and bipolar spectrum disorders. We measured the structural validity, internal consistency, concurrent criterion validity, construct validity, and clinical feasibility. GASS was characterized by modest structural validity and good internal consistency. The binary correlations concerning the presence of specific symptoms investigated with the GASS and the UKU were strong or relatively strong for only half of them. The GASS total scale score was inversely related to patients\u2019 quality of life and psychosocial functioning. The GASS is useful to briefly assess the burden of antipsychotic SE (~5 min) but is not optimal in identifying them.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12070891","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]],"date-time":"2022-07-07T22:11:47Z","timestamp":1657231907000},"page":"891","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Validation of the Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-Effect Scale (GASS) in an Italian Sample of Patients with Stable Schizophrenia and Bipolar Spectrum Disorders"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2196-0601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Rodolico","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7426-5250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen","family":"Concerto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2327-7080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessia","family":"Ciancio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8264-2039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Spyridon","family":"Siafis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Fusar-Poli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Romano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Scavo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonino","family":"Petralia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5307-6103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salvatore","family":"Salomone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 94123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6941-9454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Signorelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Leucht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2146-7737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eugenio","family":"Aguglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1801490","article-title":"Psychotic Disorders","volume":"379","author":"Lieberman","year":"2018","journal-title":"N. 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