{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T21:57:24Z","timestamp":1774735044955,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,26]],"date-time":"2022-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658793600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31871111"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31871111"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020088"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020088"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004739","name":"Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31871111"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31871111"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004739","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004739","name":"Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020088"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020088"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004739","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004739","name":"Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004739","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Technology for Drug Prevention and Control in Zhejiang Police College","award":["31871111"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31871111"]}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Technology for Drug Prevention and Control in Zhejiang Police College","award":["2020088"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020088"]}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Technology for Drug Prevention and Control in Zhejiang Police College","award":["2019004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019004"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Drugs of abuse cause enduring functional disorders in the brain reward circuits, leading to cravings and compulsive behavior. Although people may rehabilitate by detoxification, there is a high risk of relapse. Therefore, it is crucial to illuminate the mechanisms of relapse and explore the therapeutic strategies for prevention. In this research, by using an animal model of morphine self-administration in rats and a whole-cell patch\u2013clamp in brain slices, we found changes in synaptic plasticity in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell were involved in the relapse to morphine-seeking behavior. Compared to the controls, the amplitude of long-term depression (LTD) induced in the medium spiny neurons increased after morphine self-administration was established, recovered after the behavior was extinguished, and increased again during the relapse induced by morphine priming. Intravenous injection of MA, a new peptide obtained by modifying Ca2+\/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) inhibitor \u201cmyr-AIP\u201d, decreased CaMKII activity in the NAc shell and blocked the reinstatement of morphine-seeking behavior without influence on the locomotor activity. Moreover, LTD was absent in the NAc shell of the MA-pretreated rats, whereas it was robust in the saline controls in which morphine-seeking behavior was reinstated. These results indicate that CaMKII regulates morphine-seeking behavior through its involvement in the change of synaptic plasticity in the NAc shell during the relapse, and MA may be of great value in the clinical treatment of relapse to opioid seeking.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12080985","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,26]],"date-time":"2022-07-26T22:03:42Z","timestamp":1658873022000},"page":"985","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A Novel CaMKII Inhibitory Peptide Blocks Relapse to Morphine Seeking by Influencing Synaptic Plasticity in the Nucleus Accumbens Shell"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Zhuo","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"People\u2019s Public Security University of China, Beijing 100038, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7526-7234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianjun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1489-0548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linqing","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qingyao","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7424-6829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Longchuan","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1452","article-title":"How can drug addiction help us understand obesity?","volume":"8","author":"Volkow","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. 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