{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T06:32:40Z","timestamp":1762065160985,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]],"date-time":"2022-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82072786","U21A20386"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82072786","U21A20386"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Key Projects of Regional Joint Fund for Innovation and Development of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["82072786","U21A20386"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82072786","U21A20386"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: Glioma is the most common primary tumor in the central nervous system, and glioma-related epilepsy (GRE) is one of its common symptoms. The abnormalities of white matter fiber tracts are involved in attributing changes in patients with epilepsy (Rud\u00e0, R, 2012).This study aimed to assess frontal lobe gliomas\u2019 effects on the cerebral white matter fiber tracts. (2) Methods: Thirty patients with frontal lobe glioma were enrolled and divided into two groups (Ep and nEep). Among them, five patients were excluded due to apparent insular or temporal involvement. A set of 14 age and gender-matched healthy controls were also included. All the enrolled subjects underwent preoperative conventional magnetic resonance images (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Furthermore, we used tract-based spatial statistics to analyze the characteristics of the white matter fiber tracts. (3) Results: The two patient groups showed similar patterns of mean diffusivity (MD) elevations in most regions; however, in the ipsilateral inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), and superior corona radiata, the significant voxels of the EP group were more apparent than in the nEP group. No significant fractional anisotropy (FA) elevations or MD degenerations were found in the current study. (4) Conclusions: Gliomas grow and invade along white matter fiber tracts. This study assessed the effects of GRE on the white matter fiber bundle skeleton by TBSS, and we found that the changes in the white matter skeleton of the frontal lobe tumor-related epilepsy were mainly concentrated in the IFOF, SLF, and superior corona radiata. This reveals that GRE significantly affects the white matter fiber microstructure of the tumor.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12091169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]],"date-time":"2022-08-31T23:53:21Z","timestamp":1661990001000},"page":"1169","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Characteristics of Microstructural Changes Associated with Glioma Related Epilepsy: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Hong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chunyao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tianshi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yinyan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China"},{"name":"Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6916-704X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China"},{"name":"Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"iv55","article-title":"Seizures in low-grade gliomas: Natural history, pathogenesis, and outcome after treatments","volume":"14","author":"Bello","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuro-Oncology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.3171\/JNS\/2008\/108\/2\/0227","article-title":"Seizure characteristics and control following resection in 332 patients with low-grade gliomas","volume":"108","author":"Chang","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nou130","article-title":"Localizing seizure-susceptible brain regions associated with low-grade gliomas using voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuro-Oncology"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2018.01.011","article-title":"IDH1 mutation is associated with a higher preoperative seizure incidence in low-grade glioma: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"55","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2017.10.027","article-title":"IDH1 and IDH2 mutations in postoperative diffuse glioma-associated epilepsy","volume":"78","author":"Neal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, C., Fang, S., Yang, J., Wang, Y., and Wang, L. (J. Neuroradiol., 2022). Epilepsy-related white matter network changes in patients with frontal lobe glioma, J. Neuroradiol., in press.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurad.2022.03.007"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.01004","article-title":"The Impacts of Tumor and Tumor Associated Epilepsy on Subcortical Brain Structures and Long Distance Connectivity in Patients With Low Grade Glioma","volume":"9","author":"Bouwen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.7.JNS132657","article-title":"Tumor location and IDH1 mutation may predict intraoperative seizures during awake craniotomy","volume":"121","author":"Gonen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awt345","article-title":"Epileptic seizures in diffuse low-grade gliomas in adults","volume":"137","author":"Pallud","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.23736\/S0390-5616.17.04015-2","article-title":"Mapping seizure foci and tumor genetic factors in glioma associated seizure patients","volume":"64","author":"Yunhe","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg. Sci."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2012.07.037","article-title":"Gliomas and seizures","volume":"79","author":"Prakash","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2406","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awy164","article-title":"Left temporal lobe language network connectivity in temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"141","author":"Trimmel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2017.09.001","article-title":"Altered functional connectivity in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"137","author":"Faizo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1162\/NETN_a_00026","article-title":"Network dynamics in the healthy and epileptic developing brain","volume":"2","author":"Rosch","year":"2018","journal-title":"Netw. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.03.013","article-title":"Widespread affections of large fiber tracts in postoperative temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"46","author":"Faber","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1981","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000336969.98241.17","article-title":"Nerve fiber impairment of anterior thalamocortical circuitry in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy","volume":"71","author":"Deppe","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2009.03.030","article-title":"Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging of glial brain tumors","volume":"74","author":"Ferda","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Radiol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3608","article-title":"Microscopic DTI accurately identifies early glioma cell migration: Correlation with multimodal imaging in a new glioma stem cell model","volume":"29","author":"Gimenez","year":"2016","journal-title":"NMR Biomed."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmr.2011.09.022","article-title":"Microstructural and physiological features of tissues elucidated by quantitative-diffusion-tensor MRI","volume":"213","author":"Basser","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reason."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.02.024","article-title":"Tract-based spatial statistics: Voxelwise analysis of multi-subject diffusion data","volume":"31","author":"Smith","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van Dellen, E., Douw, L., Hillebrand, A., Ris-Hilgersom, I.H., Schoonheim, M.M., Baayen, J.C., De Witt Hamer, P.C., Velis, D.N., Klein, M., and Heimans, J.J. (2012). MEG network differences between low- and high-grade glioma related to epilepsy and cognition. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0050122"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.ra.2015-0302","article-title":"Use of Network Analysis to Establish Neurosurgical Parameters in Gliomas and Epilepsy","volume":"56","author":"Maesawa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurol. Med. Chir."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2013.12.012","article-title":"Quantitative relaxometry and diffusion MRI for lateralization in MTS and non-MTS temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"108","author":"Khan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31826170b6","article-title":"Spatial patterns of water diffusion along white matter tracts in temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"79","author":"Concha","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2012.03426.x","article-title":"A meta-analysis of white matter changes in temporal lobe epilepsy as studied with diffusion tensor imaging","volume":"53","author":"Otte","year":"2012","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2015.12.002","article-title":"White matter structural connectivity changes correlate with epilepsy duration in temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"120","author":"Chiang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/124.3.627","article-title":"Diffusion tensor imaging of cryptogenic and acquired partial epilepsies","volume":"124","author":"Eriksson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24533","article-title":"Serial diffusion tensor imaging for early detection of radiation-induced injuries to normal-appearing white matter in high-grade glioma patients","volume":"41","author":"Hope","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reason. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A3702","article-title":"Utility of diffusion tensor imaging in evaluation of the peritumoral region in patients with primary and metastatic brain tumors","volume":"35","author":"Sternberg","year":"2014","journal-title":"AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-014-1544-9","article-title":"Differentiation of edema and glioma infiltration: Proposal of a DTI-based probability map","volume":"120","author":"Hoefnagels","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurooncol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-004-2381-6","article-title":"Tissue signature characterisation of diffusion tensor abnormalities in cerebral gliomas","volume":"14","author":"Price","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur. Radiol."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina48100073","article-title":"Magnetic resonance study on fractional anisotropy and neuronal metabolite ratios in peritumoral area of cerebral gliomas","volume":"48","author":"Bieza","year":"2012","journal-title":"Medicina"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2322030959","article-title":"Peritumoral brain regions in gliomas and meningiomas: Investigation with isotropic diffusion-weighted MR imaging and diffusion-tensor MR imaging","volume":"232","author":"Provenzale","year":"2004","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-018-2862-0","article-title":"Tumor-related epilepsy: Epidemiology, pathogenesis and management","volume":"139","author":"Lhatoo","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neurooncol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2015.06.009","article-title":"Extrafrontal structural changes in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: A topographic analysis of combined structural and microstructural brain imaging","volume":"30","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00509","article-title":"Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy Shows Potential Structural White Matter Abnormalities: A TBSS Study","volume":"9","author":"Domin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.782","article-title":"The basis of anisotropic water diffusion in the nervous system-a technical review","volume":"15","author":"Beaulieu","year":"2002","journal-title":"NMR Biomed."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1089\/brain.2011.0071","article-title":"Characterization of cerebral white matter properties using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging stains","volume":"1","author":"Alexander","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain Connect."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12725","article-title":"Diffusion tensor imaging abnormalities in photosensitive juvenile myoclonic epilepsy","volume":"22","author":"Runge","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3332","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22405","article-title":"Idiopathic-generalized epilepsy shows profound white matter diffusion-tensor imaging alterations","volume":"35","author":"Focke","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182563b44","article-title":"Altered microstructural connectivity in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: The missing link","volume":"78","author":"Vollmar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12580","article-title":"Altered thalamocortical functional connectivity in idiopathic generalized epilepsy","volume":"55","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Epilepsia"}],"container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-3425\/12\/9\/1169\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:20:54Z","timestamp":1760142054000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-3425\/12\/9\/1169"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}},"alternative-id":["brainsci12091169"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/brainsci12091169","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-3425"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2076-3425"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]]}}}