{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T20:30:17Z","timestamp":1776976217107,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,4]],"date-time":"2022-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664841600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the health research project of the Jing\u2019an District, Shanghai","award":["2020MS04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020MS04"]}]},{"name":"the health research project of the Jing\u2019an District, Shanghai","award":["2020LP020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020LP020"]}]},{"name":"the health research project of the Jing\u2019an District, Shanghai","award":["82100813"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82100813"]}]},{"name":"the Chinese traditional medicine project of Shanghai Health Commission","award":["2020MS04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020MS04"]}]},{"name":"the Chinese traditional medicine project of Shanghai Health Commission","award":["2020LP020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020LP020"]}]},{"name":"the Chinese traditional medicine project of Shanghai Health Commission","award":["82100813"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82100813"]}]},{"name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2020MS04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020MS04"]}]},{"name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2020LP020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020LP020"]}]},{"name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["82100813"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82100813"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic prostatitis\/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP\/CPPS) is a challenging entity with complicated symptoms for treatment in the male crowd. Accumulating evidence revealed the dysfunction in the central system should be a critical factor for the pathogenesis and development in the CP\/CPPS. Therefore, we recruited 20 patients of CP\/CPPS and 20 healthy male volunteers, aged 20 to 50 years. Through resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we analyzed the mean amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (mALFF) and the mean fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (mfALFF) to reflect the spontaneous abnormal activated regions in the brains of CP\/CPPS patients. Compared to the healthy controls, the group with CP\/CPPS had significantly increased mALFF values in the thalamus and augmented fALFF values in the inferior parietal lobule and cingulate gyrus. Significant positive correlations were observed in the extracted mALFF values in the midbrain periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) and the pain intensity (r = 0.2712, p = 0.0019), mALFF values in the thalamus and the scores of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) anxiety subscale (r = 0.08477, p = 0.0461), and mfALFF values in the superior frontal gyrus (SFG) and the scores of the HADS anxiety subscale (r = 0.07102, p = 0.0282). Therefore, we delineated the clinical alterations in patients of CP\/CPPS that might be attributed to the functional abnormality of the thalamus, inferior parietal lobule, and cingulate gyrus. Among these regions, the PAG, thalamus, and SFG may further play an important role in the pathogenesis, with their regulating effect on pain or emotion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12101344","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,8]],"date-time":"2022-10-08T00:07:43Z","timestamp":1665187663000},"page":"1344","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The ALFF Alterations of Spontaneous Pelvic Pain in the Patients of Chronic Prostatitis\/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome Evaluated by fMRI"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Shengyang","family":"Ge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Middle Rd., Shanghai 200040, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0075-100X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qingfeng","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Middle Rd., Shanghai 200040, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guowei","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Middle Rd., Shanghai 200040, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yifan","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Middle Rd., Shanghai 200040, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yijun","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Jing\u2019an District Central Hospital, Fudan University, 259 Xikang Rd., Shanghai 200040, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chuanyu","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Middle Rd., Shanghai 200040, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e22151","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000022151","article-title":"Effectiveness of psychological interventions for treating chronic prostatitis\/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"99","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.3.236","article-title":"NIH consensus definition and classification of prostatitis","volume":"282","author":"Krieger","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6687493","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6687493","article-title":"Experimental Chronic Prostatitis\/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome Increases Anxiety-Like Behavior: The Role of Brain Oxidative Stress, Serum Corticosterone, and Hippocampal Parvalbumin-Positive Interneurons","volume":"2021","author":"Macut","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oxid. 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