{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T16:54:14Z","timestamp":1788195254973,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":247,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,14]],"date-time":"2022-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665705600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Huntington\u2019s disease is an inherited autosomal dominant trait neuro-degenerative disorder caused by changes (mutations) of a gene called huntingtin (htt) that is located on the short arm (p) of chromosome 4, CAG expansion mutation. It is characterized by unusual movements, cognitive and psychiatric disorders. Objective: This review was undertaken to apprehend biological pathways of Huntington\u2019s disease (HD) pathogenesis and its management by nature-derived products. Natural products can be lucrative for the management of HD as it shows protection against HD in pre-clinical trials. Advanced research is still required to assess the therapeutic effectiveness of the known organic products and their isolated compounds in HD experimental models. Summary: Degeneration of neurons in Huntington\u2019s disease is distinguished by progressive loss of motor coordination and muscle function. This is due to the expansion of CAG trinucleotide in the first exon of the htt gene responsible for neuronal death and neuronal network degeneration in the brain. It is believed that the factors such as molecular genetics, oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroglia dysfunction, protein aggregation, and altered UPS leads to HD. The defensive effect of the natural product provides therapeutic efficacy against HD. Recent reports on natural drugs have enlightened the protective role against HD via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and neurofunctional regulation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12101389","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,16]],"date-time":"2022-10-16T21:10:10Z","timestamp":1665954610000},"page":"1389","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Pathogenesis of Huntington\u2019s Disease: An Emphasis on Molecular Pathways and Prevention by Natural Remedies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0161-9000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zainab","family":"Irfan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Brainware University, Kolkata 700125, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5201-7387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia","family":"Khanam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Calcutta Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology & AHS, Howrah 711316, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2098-5340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Varnita","family":"Karmakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Eminent College of Pharmaceutical Technology, Barasat 700126, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4629-7490","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sayeed Mohammed","family":"Firdous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Calcutta Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology & AHS, Howrah 711316, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bothaina Samih Ismail Abou","family":"El Khier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Architectural Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo 11835, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilyas","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, College of Science Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9995-6576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muneeb U.","family":"Rehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6125-3309","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andleeb","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1172-5-40","article-title":"Huntington\u2019s disease: A clinical review","volume":"5","author":"Roos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Orphanet J. 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