{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:59:02Z","timestamp":1792789142721,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,3]],"date-time":"2023-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672704000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan","award":["111GB006-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["111GB006-0"]}]},{"name":"Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan","award":["111-SKH-NYCU-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["111-SKH-NYCU-01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is widely regarded to be the intermediate stage to Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Cerebral morphological alteration in cortical subregions can provide an accurate predictor for early recognition of MCI. Thirty patients with MCI and thirty healthy control subjects participated in this study. The Desikan\u2013Killiany cortical atlas was applied to segment participants\u2019 cerebral cortex into 68 subregions. A complexity measure termed fractal dimension (FD) was applied to assess morphological changes in cortical subregions of participants. The MCI group revealed significantly decreased FD values in the bilateral temporal lobes, right parietal lobe including the medial temporal, fusiform, para hippocampal, and also the orbitofrontal lobes. We further proposed a novel FD-based brain structural network to compare network parameters, including intra- and inter-lobular connectivity between groups. The control group had five modules, and the MCI group had six modules in their brain networks. The MCI group demonstrated shrinkage of modular sizes with fewer components integrated, and significantly decreased global modularity in the brain network. The MCI group had lower intra- and inter-lobular connectivity in all lobes. Between cerebral lobes, the MCI patients may maintain nodal connections between both hemispheres to reduce connectivity loss in the lateral hemispheres. The method and results presented in this study could be a suitable tool for early detection of MCI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci13010093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]],"date-time":"2023-01-04T05:02:30Z","timestamp":1672808550000},"page":"93","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Decreased Brain Structural Network Connectivity in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Novel Fractal Dimension Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0699-2234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chi Ieong","family":"Lau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242, Taiwan"},{"name":"Dementia Center, Department of Neurology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan"},{"name":"Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Group, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London WC1N 3AZ, UK"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Taipa 999078, Macau"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiann-Horng","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuh-Feng","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Shin Kong Wu Ho Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen-Yu","family":"Hsiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Shin Kong Wu Ho Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6942-0340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-Te","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan"},{"name":"Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi-Wen","family":"Jao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Research, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-014-0490-8","article-title":"Mild cognitive impairment: Diagnosis, longitudinal course, and emerging treatments","volume":"16","author":"Vega","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. 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