{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:04:38Z","timestamp":1790798678109,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":140,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]],"date-time":"2023-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Lundbeck Espa\u00f1a S.A."}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Depression and anxiety are highly prevalent in most neurological disorders and can have a major impact on the patient\u2019s disability and quality of life. However, mostly due to the heterogeneity of symptoms and the complexity of the underlying comorbidities, depression can be difficult to diagnose, resulting in limited recognition and in undertreatment. The early detection and treatment of depression simultaneously with the neurological disorder is key to avoiding deterioration and further disability. Although the neurologist should be able to identify and treat depression initially, a neuropsychiatry team should be available for severe cases and those who are unresponsive to treatment. Neurologists should be also aware that in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer\u2019s or Parkinson\u2019s, different depression symptoms could develop at different stages of the disease. The treatment options for depression in neurological diseases include drugs, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and somatic interventions, among others, but often, the evidence-based efficacy is limited and the results are highly variable. Here, we review recent research on the diagnosis and treatment of depression in the context of Alzheimer\u2019s disease, Parkinson\u2019s disease, and strokes, with the aim of identifying common approaches and solutions for its initial management by the neurologist.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci13020318","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]],"date-time":"2023-02-14T02:16:01Z","timestamp":1676340961000},"page":"318","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Depression in Major Neurodegenerative Diseases and Strokes: A Critical Review of Similarities and Differences among Neurological Disorders"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3248-704X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Pagonabarraga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7652-7931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cecilio","family":"\u00c1lamo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences (Pharmacology), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcal\u00e1, Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, 28801 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3116-1352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar","family":"Castellanos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, A Coru\u00f1a University Hospital and Biomedical Research Institute, 15006 La Coru\u00f1a, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"D\u00edaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Headaches Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario y Polit\u00e9cnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4152-1633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sagrario","family":"Manzano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Infanta Leonor University Hospital, 28031 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30403-4","article-title":"Global, Regional, and National Burden of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and Other Dementias, 1990\u20132016: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016","volume":"18","author":"Nichols","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e551","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(20)30190-0","article-title":"The Burden of Neurological Diseases in Europe: An Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"5","author":"Deuschl","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i48","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2004.060426","article-title":"Depression in Neurological Disorders: Parkinson\u2019s Disease, Multiple Sclerosis, and Stroke","volume":"76","author":"Rickards","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. 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