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Federation","award":["XML201714"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XML201714"]}]},{"name":"Research Program of China Disabled Persons\u2019 Federation","award":["2202CDPFHS-10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2202CDPFHS-10"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is one of the most common craniofacial malformations. Overall, 40\u201380% of CLP patients have varying degrees of articulation problems after palatoplasty. Previous studies revealed abnormal articulation-related brain function in CLP patients. However, the association between articulation disorders and cortical structure development in CLP patients remains unclear. Twenty-six CLP adolescents (aged 5\u201314 years; mean 8.88 years; female\/male 8\/18), twenty-three CLP adults (aged 18\u201335 years; mean 23.35 years; female\/male 6\/17), thirty-seven healthy adolescents (aged 5\u201316 years; mean 9.89 years; female\/male 5\/16), and twenty-two healthy adults (aged 19\u201337 years; mean 24.41 years; female\/male 19\/37) took part in the experiment. The current study aims to investigate developmental changes in cortical structures in CLP patients with articulation disorders using both structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Our results reveal the distinct distribution of abnormal cortical structures in adolescent and adult CLP patients. We also found that the developmental pattern of cortical structures in CLP patients differed from the pattern in healthy controls (delayed cortical development in the left lingual gyrus (t = 4.02, cluster-wise p &lt; 0.05), inferior temporal cortex (z = \u22124.36, cluster-wise p &lt; 0.05) and right precentral cortex (t = 4.19, cluster-wise p &lt; 0.05)). Mediation analysis identified the cortical thickness of the left pericalcarine cortex as the mediator between age and articulation function (partial mediation effect (a*b = \u22120.48), 95% confident interval (\u22120.75, \u22120.26)). In conclusion, our results demonstrate an abnormal developmental pattern of cortical structures in CLP patients, which is directly related to their articulation disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci13040550","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,27]],"date-time":"2023-03-27T03:31:48Z","timestamp":1679887908000},"page":"550","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Articulation-Function-Associated Cortical Developmental Changes in Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Wenjing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China"},{"name":"School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cui","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liwei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Wai, Beijing 100069, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xintao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China"},{"name":"School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linrui","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China"},{"name":"School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Wai, Beijing 100069, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Wai, Beijing 100069, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxia","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Rehabilitation Research Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100068, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renji","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China"},{"name":"School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chunlin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Wai, Beijing 100069, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2018.12.010","article-title":"Hearing status and behavioural patterns among school aged children with cleft lip and\/or palate","volume":"118","author":"Goh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. 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