{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T14:57:53Z","timestamp":1793890673249,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Key Project of Air Force Equipment Comprehensive Research","award":["KJ2022A000415"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KJ2022A000415"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: This research analyses the relations between anxiety symptoms from the network perspective to deepen the understanding of anxiety in front-line medical staff during the COVID-19 pandemic and can also provide a reference for determining potential goals of clinical interventions. Methods: A convenience sampling was adopted, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7) was administered to front-line medical staff through online platforms. A regularized partial correlation network of anxiety was constructed and then we evaluated its accuracy and stability. The expected influence and predictability were used to describe the relative importance and the controllability, using community detection to explore community structure. The gender-based differences and the directed acyclic graph were implemented. Results: The connections between A1 \u201cFeeling nervous, anxious or on edge\u201d and A2 \u201cNot being able to stop or control worrying\u201d, A6 \u201cBecoming easily annoyed or irritable\u201d and A7 \u201cFeeling afraid as if something awful might happen\u201d, etc., were relatively strong; A2 \u201cNot being able to stop or control worrying\u201d and A3 \u201cWorrying too much about different things\u201d had the highest expected influence, and A2 \u201cNot being able to stop or control worrying\u201d had the highest predictability. The community detection identified two communities. The results of the gender network comparison showed the overall intensity of the anxiety network in women was higher than that in men; DAG indicated that A2 \u201cNot being able to stop or control worrying\u201d had the highest probabilistic priority; the lines from A2 \u201cNot being able to stop or control worrying\u201d to A1 \u201cFeeling nervous, anxious or on edge\u201d and A2 \u201cNot being able to stop or control worrying\u201d to A7 \u201cFeeling afraid as if something awful might happen\u201d represented the most important arrows. Conclusion: There exist broad interconnections among anxiety symptoms of front-line medical staff on the GAD-7. A2 \u201cNot being able to stop or control worrying\u201d might be the core symptom and a potential effective intervention target. It was possible to bring an optimal result for the entire GAD symptom network by interfering with A2 \u201cNot being able to stop or control worrying\u201d. GAD may have two \u201csubsystems\u201d. The modes of interconnection among anxiety may be consistent between genders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci13081155","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T09:06:44Z","timestamp":1690880804000},"page":"1155","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Network Analysis of Anxiety Symptoms in Front-Line Medical Staff during the COVID-19 Pandemic"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Lin","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi\u2019an 710032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Military Psychology Section, Logistics University of PAP, Tianjin 300309, China"},{"name":"Military Mental Health Services & Research Center, Tianjin 300309, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengzhan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi\u2019an 710032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kang","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi\u2019an 710032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi\u2019an 710032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiuchao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi\u2019an 710032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingwei","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi\u2019an 710032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengjun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi\u2019an 710032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xufeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi\u2019an 710032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Wuhan Municipal Health Commission (2020, February 03). 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