{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T23:32:31Z","timestamp":1783121551578,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694390400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014677","name":"\u201cGeorge Emil Palade\u201d University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["10126\/2\/17.12.2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10126\/2\/17.12.2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014677","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults. According to the 2021 WHO CNS, glioblastoma is assigned to the IDH wild-type classification, fulfilling the specific characteristic histopathology. We have conducted a prospective observational study to identify the glucose levels, ketone bodies, and the glucose-ketone index in three groups of subjects: two tumoral groups of patients with histopathological confirmation of glioblastoma (9 male patients, 7 female patients, mean age 55.6 years old) or grade 4 astrocytoma (4 male patients, 2 female patients, mean age 48.1 years old) and a control group (13 male patients, 9 female patients, mean age 53.9 years old) consisting of subjects with no personal pathological history. There were statistically significant differences between the mean values of glycemia (p value = 0.0003), ketones (p value = 0.0061), and glucose-ketone index (p value = 0.008) between the groups of patients. Mortality at 3 months in glioblastoma patients was 0% if the ketone levels were below 0.2 mM and 100% if ketones were over 0.5 mM. Patients with grade 4 astrocytoma and the control subjects all presented with ketone values of less than 0.2 mM and 0.0% mortality. In conclusion, highlighting new biomarkers which are more feasible to determine such as ketones or glucose-ketone index represents an essential step toward personalized medicine and survival prolongation in patients suffering from glioblastoma and grade 4 astrocytoma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci13091307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T08:58:08Z","timestamp":1694422688000},"page":"1307","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Role of Ketone Bodies in Treatment Individualization of Glioblastoma Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Corina","family":"Tamas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School, \u201cGeorge Emil Palade\u201d University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania"},{"name":"Neurosurgery Department, Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, \u201cGeorge Emil Palade\u201d University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flaviu","family":"Tamas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School, \u201cGeorge Emil Palade\u201d University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania"},{"name":"Neurosurgery Department, Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, \u201cGeorge Emil Palade\u201d University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Attila","family":"Kovecsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphopathology, \u201cGeorge Emil Palade\u201d University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Morphopathology, Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8078-2177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgiana","family":"Serban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School, \u201cGeorge Emil Palade\u201d University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristian","family":"Boeriu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Balasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Department, Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, \u201cGeorge Emil Palade\u201d University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2009-0291","article-title":"Review on Quality of Life Issues in Patients with Primary Brain Tumors","volume":"15","author":"Taphoorn","year":"2010","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1080\/02688697.2021.1907306","article-title":"The prognosis of glioblastoma: A large, multifactorial study","volume":"35","author":"Luo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br. 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