{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T18:16:24Z","timestamp":1767204984517,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]],"date-time":"2023-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695772800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"MAROM program of Maccabi Health Services"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.mdpi.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The global increase in the prevalence of ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder) is of great medical importance, but the reasons for this increase are still unknown. This study sought to identify possible early contributing factors in children who were later diagnosed with ASD. In this retrospective cohort study, postnatal records of 1105 children diagnosed with ASD were analyzed to determine if any signs of ASD could be found in a large database of births and well-baby care programs. We compared the recordings of typically developing children and analyzed the differences statistically. Rapid increases in weight, height, and head circumference during early infancy predict the development of ASD. In addition, low birth weight, older maternal age, and increased weight and height percentiles at six months of age together predict the development of ASD. At two years of age, these four parameters, in addition to impaired motor development, can also predict the development of ASD. These results suggest that the recent increase in ASD prevalence is associated with the \u201cobesity epidemic\u201d and with recommendations of supine sleeping to prevent Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, associated with atypical neural network development in the brain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci13101374","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]],"date-time":"2023-09-27T03:49:14Z","timestamp":1695786554000},"page":"1374","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Factors in Infancy That May Predict Autism Spectrum Disorder"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7929-1554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mina","family":"Gurevitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Well Baby Clinic Physician, Maccabi Health Services, Herzliya 4649713, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9975-7331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerry","family":"Leisman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Movement and Fetal Cognition Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of the Medical Sciences of Havana, Havana 11600, Cuba"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc. (2013). American Psychiatric Association DSM-5 Task Force, American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc.. [5th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.ss7011a1","article-title":"Prevalence and characteristics of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years\u2014Autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, 11 sites, United States, 2018","volume":"70","author":"Maenner","year":"2021","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill. Summ."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.76","article-title":"Genetic heritability and shared environmental factors among twin pairs with autism","volume":"68","author":"Hallmayer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.03.019","article-title":"Prenatal and perinatal risk factors in a twin study of autism spectrum disorders","volume":"54","author":"Tobon","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-1036","article-title":"Perinatal and neonatal risk factors for autism: A comprehensive meta-analysis","volume":"128","author":"Gardener","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0b013e32835c2b70","article-title":"Autism spectrum disorders: A pediatric overview and update","volume":"25","author":"Tchaconas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.161.4.326","article-title":"Prenatal and perinatal risk factors for autism: A review and integration of findings","volume":"161","author":"Kolevzon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"3","article-title":"Epidemiology of autistic disorder and other pervasive developmental disorders","volume":"66","author":"Fombonne","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20193447","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-3447","article-title":"Executive summary: Identification, evaluation, and management of children with autism spectrum disorder","volume":"145","author":"Hyman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579408000370","article-title":"Early behavioral intervention, brain plasticity, and the prevention of autism spectrum disorder","volume":"20","author":"Dawson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dev. Psychopathol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.02.036","article-title":"Detecting, studying, and treating autism early: The one-year well-baby check-up approach","volume":"159","author":"Pierce","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1080\/15374410701817808","article-title":"Evidence-based comprehensive treatments for early autism","volume":"37","author":"Rogers","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Child. Adolesc. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-1813","article-title":"Validation of the modified checklist for Autism in toddlers, revised with follow-up (M-CHAT-R\/F)","volume":"133","author":"Robins","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"e2146415","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of the social attention and communication Surveillance\u2013Revised with preschool tool for early autism detection in very young children","volume":"5","author":"Barbaro","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1093\/pch\/pxz119","article-title":"Early detection for autism spectrum disorder in young children","volume":"24","author":"Zwaigenbaum","year":"2019","journal-title":"Paediatr. Child Health"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100831","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spen.2020.100831","article-title":"Early detection and diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder: Why is it so difficult?","volume":"35","author":"McCarty","year":"2020","journal-title":"Seminars in Pediatric Neurology"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jayanthy, A.K., and Din, Q.M. (2021). Early detection of autism spectrum disorder using behavioral data EEG, MRI and Behavioral Data: A Review. Assistive Technology Intervention in Healthcare, CRC Press.","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003207856-15"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579408000515","article-title":"Charting the typical and atypical development of the social brain","volume":"20","author":"Pelphrey","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dev. Psychopathol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-005-3301-6","article-title":"Variation in early developmental course in autism and its relation with behavioral outcome at 3\u20134 years of age","volume":"35","author":"Werner","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Autism Dev. Disord."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1207\/s15326942dn2703_2","article-title":"Early regression in social communication in autism spectrum disorders: A CPEA study","volume":"27","author":"Luyster","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dev. Neuropsychol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2006.01531.x","article-title":"Development in infants with autism spectrum disorders: A prospective study","volume":"47","author":"Landa","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Child. Psychol. Psychiat."},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"256","article-title":"A prospective study of the emergence of early behavioral signs of autism","volume":"49","author":"Ozonoff","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiat."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.2012.004192","article-title":"Head lag in infants at risk for autism: A preliminary study","volume":"66","author":"Flanagan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Occ. Ther."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e6696","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000006696","article-title":"Prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal factors associated with autism: A meta-analysis","volume":"96","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"1","article-title":"Early factors at infancy that predict a developing neurobehavioral disorder\u2014A pilot study","volume":"5","author":"Gurevitz","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Translat. Sci."},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"e2254303","article-title":"Predictive Value of Early Autism Detection Models Based on Electronic Health Record Data Collected Before Age 1 Year","volume":"6","author":"Engelhard","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"Israel Central Bureau of Statistics (2013). Characterization and Classification of Geographic Units by the Socioeconomic Level of the Population 2008, Publication No. 1530."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2017.03.013","article-title":"What Is the Male-to-Female Ratio in Autism Spectrum Disorder? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"56","author":"Loomes","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1038\/nature21369","article-title":"Early brain development in infants at high risk for autism spectrum disorder","volume":"542","author":"Hazlett","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dr.2015.02.001","article-title":"A review of physical growth in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder","volume":"36","author":"Green","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dev. Rev."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.ss6706a1","article-title":"Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years\u2014Autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, 11 sites, United States, 2014","volume":"67","author":"Baio","year":"2018","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill. Summ."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2019.0624","article-title":"Evaluation of the diagnostic stability of the early autism spectrum disorder phenotype in the general population starting at 12 months","volume":"173","author":"Pierce","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361320971107","article-title":"Age at autism spectrum disorder diagnosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis from 2012 to 2019","volume":"25","author":"Tisseur","year":"2021","journal-title":"Autism"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2023.04.004","article-title":"Prefrontal functional connectivities in autism spectrum disorders: A connectopathic disorder affecting movement, interoception, and cognition","volume":"198","author":"Leisman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1186\/1866-1955-6-44","article-title":"The relationship between sleep and behavior in autism spectrum disorder (ASD): A review","volume":"6","author":"Cohen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurodevelop. Disord."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2017.04.012","article-title":"Evaluation of behavioral change after adenotonsillectomy for obstructive sleep apnea in children with autism spectrum disorder","volume":"65","author":"Murata","year":"2017","journal-title":"Res. Dev. Disab."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-021-04947-4","article-title":"Correlates of feeding difficulties among children with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review","volume":"52","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Autism Dev. Disord."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1089\/brain.2014.0335","article-title":"Anatomic and functional connectivity relationship in autistic children during three different experimental conditions","volume":"5","author":"Machado","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Connect."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-014-9250-0","article-title":"The implications of brain connectivity in the neuropsychology of autism","volume":"24","author":"Maximo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropsychol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leisman, G., Melillo, R., Melillo, T., Machado, C., Machado-Ferrer, Y., Chinchilla, M., and Carmeli, E. (2022). Taking sides: Asymmetries in the evolution of human brain development in better understanding autism Spectrum disorder. Symmetry, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/sym14122689"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2012.14.3\/pchaste","article-title":"Autism risk factors: Genes, environment, and gene-environment interactions","volume":"14","author":"Chaste","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dialog. Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1121","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-2583","article-title":"Maternal metabolic conditions and risk for autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders","volume":"129","author":"Krakowiak","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1128","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-3664","article-title":"Parental obesity and risk of autism spectrum disorder","volume":"133","author":"Gunnes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08689","article-title":"Large, rare chromosomal deletions associated with severe early-onset obesity","volume":"463","author":"Bochukova","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08727","article-title":"A new highly penetrant form of obesity due to deletions on chromosome 16p11.2","volume":"463","author":"Walters","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2013.193","article-title":"Newborns of obese parents have altered DNA methylation patterns at imprinted genes","volume":"39","author":"Soubry","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e856","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-0324","article-title":"Obesity and metabolic syndrome and functional and structural brain impairments in adolescence","volume":"130","author":"Yau","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2022.5629","article-title":"Association between autism spectrum disorders and cardiometabolic diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"177","author":"Dhanasekara","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-018-0812-z","article-title":"The global epidemic of the metabolic syndrome","volume":"20","author":"Saklayen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Hypertens. Rep."},{"key":"ref_50","unstructured":"Stierman, B., Afful, J., Carroll, M.D., Chen, T.C., Davy, O., Fink, S., Fryar, C.D., Gu, Q., Hales, C.M., and Hughes, J.P. (2021). National health and nutrition examination survey 2017\u2013March 2020 prepandemic data files development of files and prevalence estimates for selected health outcomes. Natl. Health Stat. Rep., 158."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2015.04.006","article-title":"Inflammation in maternal obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"36","author":"Pantham","year":"2015","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.01089","article-title":"Inflammatory determinants of pregravid obesity in placenta and peripheral blood","volume":"9","author":"Sureshchandra","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2018.06.008","article-title":"The impact of systemic inflammation on neurodevelopment","volume":"24","author":"Jiang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyv081","article-title":"Maternal body mass index during early pregnancy, gestational weight gain, and risk of autism spectrum disorders: Results from a Swedish total population and discordant sibling study","volume":"44","author":"Gardner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2014.00150","article-title":"Evidence linking oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation in the brain of individuals with autism","volume":"5","author":"Rossignol","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Angelidou, A., Asadi, S., Alysandratos, K.D., Karagkouni, A., Kourembanas, S., and Theoharides, T.C. (2012). Perinatal stress, brain inflammation and risk of autism-review and proposal. BMC Pediatr., 12.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-12-89"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-007-0602-7","article-title":"Hippocampal damage and memory impairments as possible early brain complications of type 2 diabetes","volume":"50","author":"Gold","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20315","article-title":"Neuroglial activation and neuroinflammation in the brain of patients with autism","volume":"57","author":"Vargas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199602013340503","article-title":"Serum immunoreactive-leptin concentrations in normal-weight and obese humans","volume":"334","author":"Considine","year":"1996","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2005.08.009","article-title":"The placenta cytokine network and inflammatory signals","volume":"27","year":"2006","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-006-0353-1","article-title":"Brief report: Plasma leptin levels are elevated in autism: Association with early onset phenotype?","volume":"38","author":"Ashwood","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Autism Dev. Disord."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-8454-5-10","article-title":"Multiplicity of cerebrospinal fluid functions: New challenges in health and disease","volume":"5","author":"Johanson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cerebrospinal Fluid Res."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17553","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3258-13.2013","article-title":"The choroid plexus and cerebrospinal fluid: Emerging roles in development, disease, and therapy","volume":"33","author":"Lehtinen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1241224","article-title":"Sleep drives metabolite clearance from the adult brain","volume":"342","author":"Xie","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000029570.69134.1B","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria for idiopathic intracranial hypertension","volume":"59","author":"Friedman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1988.00520320065016","article-title":"The incidence of pseudotumor cerebri: Population studies in Iowa and Louisiana","volume":"45","author":"Durcan","year":"1988","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2012.03.047","article-title":"Pediatric idiopathic intracranial hypertension and extreme childhood obesity","volume":"161","author":"Brara","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2825","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awt166","article-title":"Early brain enlargement and elevated extra-axial fluid in infants who develop autism spectrum disorder","volume":"136","author":"Shen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2017.02.1095","article-title":"Increased extra-axial cerebrospinal fluid in high-risk infants who later develop autism","volume":"82","author":"Shen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(18)30294-3","article-title":"Extra-axial cerebrospinal fluid in high-risk and normal-risk children with autism aged 2\u20134 years: A case-control study","volume":"5","author":"Shen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.3.337","article-title":"Evidence of brain overgrowth in the first year of life in autism","volume":"290","author":"Courchesne","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/s13229-017-0129-9","article-title":"No evidence of early head circumference enlargements in children later diagnosed with autism in Israel","volume":"8","author":"Dinstein","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Autism"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20162940","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-2940","article-title":"SIDS and other sleep-related infant deaths: Evidence base for 2016 updated recommendations for a safe infant sleeping environment","volume":"138","author":"Moon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1097\/00004703-200510000-00008","article-title":"Neurodevelopmental implications of \u201cdeformational\u201d plagiocephaly","volume":"26","author":"Collett","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Dev. Behav. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.5409\/wjcp.v5.i3.330","article-title":"Hypothesis on supine sleep, sudden infant death syndrome reduction and association with increasing autism incidence","volume":"5","author":"Bergman","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J. Clin. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1111\/cdep.12439","article-title":"Capturing the complexity of autism: Applying a developmental cascades framework","volume":"16","author":"Bradshaw","year":"2022","journal-title":"Child. Dev. Perspect."},{"key":"ref_77","first-page":"1","article-title":"Current SIDS research: Time to resolve conflicting research hypotheses and collaborate","volume":"12","author":"Goldwater","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1080\/17405629.2013.801626","article-title":"Early and persistent motor difficulties in infants at-risk of developing autism spectrum disorder: A prospective study","volume":"11","author":"Leonard","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Dev. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_79","first-page":"e174","article-title":"Stability of motor problems in young children with or at risk of autism spectrum disorders, ADHD, and or developmental coordination disorder","volume":"52","author":"Oostra","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child. Neurol."}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci14030191","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]],"date-time":"2023-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695772800000}}],"container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-3425\/13\/10\/1374\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,3]],"date-time":"2025-08-03T14:39:37Z","timestamp":1754231977000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-3425\/13\/10\/1374"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]]},"references-count":79,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["brainsci13101374"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/brainsci13101374","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-3425"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-3425","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]]}}}