{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T16:50:41Z","timestamp":1780419041884,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696896000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder (OCD) and panic disorder (PD) are debilitating psychiatric conditions, yet their underlying neurobiological differences remain underexplored. This study aimed to directly compare resting-state EEGs in patients with OCD and PD, without a healthy control group, using the eLORETA method. Methods: We collected retrospective EEG data from 24 OCD patients and 22 PD patients who were hospitalized due to significant impairment in daily life functions. eLORETA was used to analyze the EEG data. Results: Heightened theta activity was observed in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) of OCD patients compared to PD patients (PD vs. OCD, t = \u22122.168, p &lt; 0.05). Conversely, higher gamma activity was found in the medial frontal gyrus (MFG) and paracentral lobule (PCL) in PD patients (PD vs. OCD, t = 2.173, p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: Our findings highlight neurobiological differences between OCD and PD patients. Specifically, the increased theta activity in the ACC for OCD patients and elevated gamma activity in the MFG and PCL for PD patients offer preliminary insights into the neural mechanisms of these disorders. Further studies are essential to validate these results and delve deeper into the neural underpinnings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci13101440","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T03:24:55Z","timestamp":1696908295000},"page":"1440","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Theta and Gamma Activity Differences in Obsessive\u2013Compulsive Disorder and Panic Disorder: Insights from Resting-State EEG with eLORETA"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3735-3179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilju","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Dankook University, 119 Dandar-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0577-0701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyoung Min","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5370-4376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Myung Ho","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Dankook University, 119 Dandar-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association, D., and Association, A.P. 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