{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T05:44:22Z","timestamp":1793598262999,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]],"date-time":"2023-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Since 1998, when Schmahmann first proposed the concept of the \u201ccognitive affective syndrome\u201d that linked cerebellar damage to cognitive and emotional impairments, a substantial body of literature has emerged. Anatomical, neurophysiological, and functional neuroimaging data suggest that the cerebellum contributes to cognitive functions through specific cerebral\u2013cerebellar connections organized in a series of parallel loops. The aim of this paper is to review the current findings on the involvement of the cerebellum in selective cognitive functions, using a psychophysiological perspective with event-related potentials (ERPs), alone or in combination with non-invasive brain stimulation techniques. ERPs represent a very informative method of monitoring cognitive functioning online and have the potential to serve as valuable biomarkers of brain dysfunction that is undetected by other traditional clinical tools. This review will focus on the data on attention, executive functions, and time processing obtained in healthy subjects and patients with varying clinical conditions, thus confirming the role of ERPs in understanding the role of the cerebellum in cognition and exploring the potential diagnostic and therapeutic implications of ERP-based assessments in patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci13121683","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]],"date-time":"2023-12-07T03:35:31Z","timestamp":1701920131000},"page":"1683","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Cerebellum\u2019s Contribution to Attention, Executive Functions and Timing: Psychophysiological Evidence from Event-Related Potentials"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Daniela","family":"Mannarelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 30, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3885-9921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caterina","family":"Pauletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 30, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2056-0104","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Missori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 30, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3419-0669","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlo","family":"Trompetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Division of Neurorehabilitation, Department of Neuroscience, 16132 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Cotellessa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Fattapposta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 30, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7945-8342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Curr\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Neurology Unit, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04019 Terracina, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"59","article-title":"Clinical Symptoms of Cerebellar Disease and Their Interpretation","volume":"2","author":"Holmes","year":"1922","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2332","article-title":"Control of Mental Activities by Internal Models in the Cerebellum","volume":"9","author":"Ito","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. 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