{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T21:54:13Z","timestamp":1792274053537,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,27]],"date-time":"2024-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Down syndrome (DS) stands out as one of the most prevalent genetic disorders, imposing a significant burden on both society and the healthcare system. Scientists are making efforts to understand the neural mechanisms behind the pathophysiology of this disorder. Among the valuable methods for studying these mechanisms is electroencephalography (EEG), a non-invasive technique that measures the brain\u2019s electrical activity, characterised by its excellent temporal resolution. This review aims to consolidate studies examining EEG usage in individuals with DS. The objective was to identify shared elements of disrupted EEG activity and, crucially, to elucidate the neural mechanisms underpinning these deviations. Searches were conducted on Pubmed\/Medline, Research Gate, and Cochrane databases. Results: The literature search yielded 17 relevant articles. Despite the significant time span, small sample size, and overall heterogeneity of the included studies, three common features of aberrant EEG activity in people with DS were found. Potential mechanisms for this altered activity were delineated. Conclusions: The studies included in this review show altered EEG activity in people with DS compared to the control group. To bolster these current findings, future investigations with larger sample sizes are imperative.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci14020136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]],"date-time":"2024-01-29T08:11:27Z","timestamp":1706515887000},"page":"136","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["EEG in Down Syndrome\u2014A Review and Insights into Potential Neural Mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"James","family":"Chmiel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurofeedback and tDCS Poland, 70-393 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filip","family":"Rybakowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department and Clinic of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerzy","family":"Leszek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department and Clinic of Psychiatry, Wroc\u0142aw Medical University, 54-235 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1097\/GIM.0b013e3181b2e34c","article-title":"The 50th anniversary of the discovery of trisomy 21: The past, present, and future of research and treatment of Down syndrome","volume":"11","author":"Ravel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Genet. 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