{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T08:18:20Z","timestamp":1793089100278,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":134,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,29]],"date-time":"2024-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711670400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82071499"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82071499"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022030410"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022030410"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC3300905"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC3300905"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFC3304202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC3304202"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ningbo Top Medical and Health Research Program","award":["82071499"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82071499"]}]},{"name":"Ningbo Top Medical and Health Research Program","award":["2022030410"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022030410"]}]},{"name":"Ningbo Top Medical and Health Research Program","award":["2022YFC3300905"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC3300905"]}]},{"name":"Ningbo Top Medical and Health Research Program","award":["2023YFC3304202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC3304202"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["82071499"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82071499"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2022030410"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022030410"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2022YFC3300905"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC3300905"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2023YFC3304202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC3304202"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Synthetic cathinones, derived from cathinone found in the plant Catha edulis, represent the second largest and most frequently seized group of new psychoactive substances. They are considered as \u03b2-keto analogs of amphetamine, sharing pharmacological effects with amphetamine and cocaine. This review describes the neurotoxic properties of synthetic cathinones, encompassing their capacity to induce neuroinflammation, dysregulate neurotransmitter systems, and alter monoamine transporters and receptors. Additionally, it discusses the rewarding and abuse potential of synthetic cathinones drawing from findings obtained through various preclinical animal models, contextualized with other classical psychostimulants. The review also offers an overview of current abuse trends of synthetic cathinones on the illicit drug market, specifying the aspects covered, and underscores the risks they pose to public health. Finally, the review discusses public health initiatives and efforts to reduce the hazards of synthetic cathinones, including harm reduction methods, education, and current clinical management strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci14040334","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,29]],"date-time":"2024-03-29T06:33:16Z","timestamp":1711693996000},"page":"334","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Synthetic Cathinones: Epidemiology, Toxicity, Potential for Abuse, and Current Public Health Perspective"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Addiction Research, The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315201, China"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo 315201, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenhua","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Addiction Research, The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315201, China"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo 315201, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miaojun","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Addiction Research, The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315201, China"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo 315201, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"329","article-title":"Mechanism of action of cathinone: The active ingredient of khat (Catha edulis)","volume":"77","author":"Patel","year":"2000","journal-title":"East. 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