{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T05:43:05Z","timestamp":1772343785699,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]],"date-time":"2024-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"UTAS Pharmacy Appeal Fund"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is frequently chronic and relapsing. The use of maintenance or continuation transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has received clinical and some research support. Objective: To conduct a case series study to report the outcomes of once-weekly (OW) or once-fortnightly (OF) continuation TMS in a real-life setting. Methods: We offered OW or OF TMS sessions to patients with MDD in remission or partial remission\/relapse. Results: Ten patients received OW TMS and four received OF TMS, for 8 to 46 weeks. No patients in either group who were in remission or partial remission at baseline experienced a relapse. Improvements in HAMD6 and CGI-S scores were statistically significant or of borderline significance for the total sample and the OW group. Conclusions: This naturalistic, open-label observational study indicates that OW TMS is effective as maintenance therapy in MDD, while also offering some support for OF TMS maintenance in preventing relapse.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci14050415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]],"date-time":"2024-04-24T07:38:51Z","timestamp":1713944331000},"page":"415","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Case Series Study of Weekly or Fortnightly Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) in Major Depressive Disorder"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yvonne","family":"Turnier-Shea","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hobart TMS, Bellerive, TAS 7018, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6764-3882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory M.","family":"Peterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marzena","family":"Rybak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hobart TMS, Bellerive, TAS 7018, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saxby","family":"Pridmore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hobart TMS, Bellerive, TAS 7018, Australia"},{"name":"Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2016.03.006","article-title":"Acute continuation and maintenance of major depressive episodes with transcranial magnetic stimulation","volume":"9","author":"Sackeim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Psychotropic Expert Group (2021). 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A prospective, 12-month multisided randomized pilot study","volume":"9","author":"Philip","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2017.08.029","article-title":"A randomized, sham-controlled study of maintenance rTMS for treatment-resistant depression (TRD)","volume":"258","author":"Benadhira","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1080\/15622975.2016.1255353","article-title":"Usefulness of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation as a maintenance treatment in patients with major depression","volume":"19","author":"Haesebaert","year":"2018","journal-title":"World J. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103717","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2023.103717","article-title":"Trajectory of changes in depressive symptoms after acute repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation: A meta-analysis of follow-up effects","volume":"88","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Asian J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"d\u2019Andrea, G., Mancusi, G., Santovito, M.C., Marrangone, C., Martino, F., Santorelli, M., Miuli, A., Di Carlo, F., Signorelli, M.S., and Clerici, M. (2023). Investigating the Role of Maintenance TMS Protocols for Major Depression: Systematic Review and Future Perspectives for Personalized Interventions. J. Pers. 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Pract."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23cr03575","DOI":"10.4088\/PCC.23cr03575","article-title":"Long-term preservation transcranial magnetic stimulation for major depressive disorder","volume":"25","author":"Faruqui","year":"2023","journal-title":"Prim. 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