{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T01:20:53Z","timestamp":1779326453624,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universidad Cardenal Herrera\u2014CEU","award":["IDOC18-07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IDOC18-07"]}]},{"name":"Universidad Cardenal Herrera\u2014CEU","award":["CAF 20-018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CAF 20-018"]}]},{"name":"Universidad Cardenal Herrera\u2014CEU","award":["22-021 & 22-022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22-021 & 22-022"]}]},{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n C.V. de Investigaci\u00f3n del Hospital Provincial de Castell\u00f3n","award":["IDOC18-07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IDOC18-07"]}]},{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n C.V. de Investigaci\u00f3n del Hospital Provincial de Castell\u00f3n","award":["CAF 20-018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CAF 20-018"]}]},{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n C.V. de Investigaci\u00f3n del Hospital Provincial de Castell\u00f3n","award":["22-021 & 22-022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22-021 & 22-022"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Substance use in adolescents has been separately related to personality traits and parental socialization styles; in this study, our objective was to study these variables in an integrated way. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in five institutes in a final sample of 331 students, excluding those with gaming disorder. The sample was stratified into three subgroups: \u2018no addiction\u2019, \u2018low risk\u2019, and \u2018high risk\u2019 of Substance Use Disorders (SUD). Results: 12.9% of the adolescents presented a low risk of SUD, while 18.3% showed a high risk, with both being older (F = 9.16; p &lt; 0.001) than the no addiction group. Adolescents with high risk scored lower in control and structure variables and higher in maternal and paternal indifference factors. Non-addicted subjects presented higher scores in conscientiousness, extraversion, and agreeableness and lower scores in neuroticism. The probability of SUD increased with age (OR = 2.187; p = 0.022), sensation seeking (OR = 1.084; p &lt; 0.001), and neuroticism (OR = 1.049; p = 0.042), while conscientiousness was a protective factor (OR = 0.930; p = 0.008). Conclusions: These results reflect that personality traits are directly related to the development of substance abuse in adolescents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci14050449","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T09:50:07Z","timestamp":1714470607000},"page":"449","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Substance Addiction in Adolescents: Influence of Parenting and Personality Traits"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Irene","family":"Escamilla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health, Consorci Hospitalari Provincial de Castell\u00f3, 12002 Castell\u00f3 de la Plana, Spain"},{"name":"TXP Research Group, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 12006 Castell\u00f3 de la Plana, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nerea","family":"Juan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health, Consorci Hospitalari Provincial de Castell\u00f3, 12002 Castell\u00f3 de la Plana, Spain"},{"name":"TXP Research Group, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 12006 Castell\u00f3 de la Plana, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0785-3570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Benito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TXP Research Group, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 12006 Castell\u00f3 de la Plana, Spain"},{"name":"Torrente Mental Health Unit, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, 46014 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisca","family":"Castellano-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TXP Research Group, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 12006 Castell\u00f3 de la Plana, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Educational Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 12006 Castell\u00f3 de la Plana, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3623-9801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesc","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health, Consorci Hospitalari Provincial de Castell\u00f3, 12002 Castell\u00f3 de la Plana, Spain"},{"name":"TXP Research Group, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 12006 Castell\u00f3 de la Plana, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1299-9611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gonzalo","family":"Haro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health, Consorci Hospitalari Provincial de Castell\u00f3, 12002 Castell\u00f3 de la Plana, Spain"},{"name":"TXP Research Group, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 12006 Castell\u00f3 de la Plana, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.03.002","article-title":"Epidemiologic trends of adolescent use of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs","volume":"19","author":"Latimer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Child Adolesc. Psychiatr. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Youth risk behavior surveillance\u2014United States, 2007","volume":"57","author":"Eaton","year":"2008","journal-title":"Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Report. Surveill. Summ."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"15","article-title":"Neurobiology of adolescent substance use and addictive behaviors: Treatment implications","volume":"25","author":"Hammond","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adolesc. Med. State Art Rev."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"12","article-title":"Efectos de las pr\u00e1cticas de crianza en el desempe\u00f1o cognitivo en ni\u00f1os de edad preescolar","volume":"12","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev. Chil. De Neuropsicol."},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"223","article-title":"Pr\u00e1cticas de crianza, temperamento y comportamiento prosocial de estudiantes de educaci\u00f3n b\u00e1sica","volume":"13","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev. Latinoam. De Cienc. Soc. Ni\u00f1ez Y Juv."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"1345","article-title":"Estilos parentales y consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en estudiantes de 8\u00b0 a 10\u00b0","volume":"14","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev. Latinoam. Cienc. Soc. Ni\u00f1ez Juv."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"43","article-title":"Child Cares Practices Anteceding Three Patterns of Preschool Behavior. Genet","volume":"75","author":"Baumrind","year":"1967","journal-title":"Psychol. Monogr."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"255","article-title":"Authoritarian Vs Authoritative Parental Control","volume":"3","author":"Baumrind","year":"1968","journal-title":"Adolescence"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1037\/h0030372","article-title":"Current patterns of Parental Authority","volume":"4","author":"Baumrind","year":"1971","journal-title":"Dev. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_10","unstructured":"Baumrind, D. (1989). Child Development Today and Tomorrow, Jossey-Bass."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez, I., Garc\u00eda, F., Fuentes, M.C., Veiga, F., Garc\u00eda, O.F., Rodr\u00edgues, Y., Cruise, E., and Serra, E. (2019). Researching Parental Socialization Styles across Three Cultural Contexts: ESPA29 Bi-Dimensional Validity in Spain, Portugal, and Brazil. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16020197"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e008979","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-008979","article-title":"Role of parenting styles in adolescent substance use: Results from a Swedish longitudinal cohort study","volume":"6","author":"Berge","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2014.02.705","article-title":"Which parenting style is more protective against adolescent substance use? Evidence within the European context","volume":"138","author":"Calafat","year":"2014","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol. Depend."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsi028","article-title":"Parenting style smoking-specific parenting practices as predictors of adolescent smoking onset","volume":"30","author":"Chassin","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1080\/09595230802392790","article-title":"The effects of perceived parenting style on the propensity for illicit drug use: The importance of parental warmth and control","volume":"27","author":"Montgomery","year":"2008","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Rev."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"27","article-title":"Parenting styles alcohol use among adolescents: A longitudinal study European","volume":"6","author":"Weidberg","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Investig."},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"310","article-title":"Influence of parent-youth relationship, parental monitoring, and parent substance use on adolescent substance use onset","volume":"32","author":"Rusby","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Fam. Psychol. JFP J. Div. Fam. Psychol. Am. Psychol. Assoc. (Div. 43)"},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"1","article-title":"Parental styles and drug use: A review","volume":"19","author":"Calafat","year":"2011","journal-title":"Drugs Educ. Prev. Policy"},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"238","article-title":"Non-authoritative parents impact on drug use: The perception of adolescent children","volume":"87","author":"Benchaya","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"3","article-title":"Uso de drogas e estilos parentais percebidos na adolesc\u00eancia","volume":"4","author":"Domingues","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rev. Interinst. Psicol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Canellas, M., De Campos, T., Rodrigues, H.M., Masiero, N., Freese, L., Ferigolo, M., and Tannhauser, M. (2019). Role of Parenting styles in Adolescent Substance Use Cessation: Results from a Brazilian Prospective Study. Environ. Res. Public Health, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16183432"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adolescence.2013.07.003","article-title":"The role of personality, family influences, and prosocial risk-taking behavior on substance use in early adolescence","volume":"36","author":"Wood","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Adolesc."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2018.03.007","article-title":"Personality profiles of substance and behavioral addictions","volume":"82","author":"Zilberman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Addict. Behav."},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"151","article-title":"Personality traits and psychopathology in adolescents with videogame addiction. Rasgos de personalidad y psicopatolog\u00eda en adolescentes con adicci\u00f3n a videojuegos","volume":"35","author":"Benito","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adicciones"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147601","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1147601","article-title":"Relationship of Gaming Disorder with parenting based on low affection-communication and personality trait of neuroticism in adolescents","volume":"14","author":"Benito","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-032816-045120","article-title":"Behavioral Addictions as Mental Disorders: To Be or Not To Be?","volume":"14","author":"Petry","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Esteve, A., Jovani, A., Benito, A., Baquero, A., Haro, G., and Rodr\u00edguez-Ruiz, F. (2022). Dual Diagnosis in Adolescents with Problematic Use of Video Games: Beyond Substances. Brain Sci., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12081110"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146","article-title":"G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences","volume":"39","author":"Faul","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Methods"},{"key":"ref_29","unstructured":"Conseller\u00eda de Sanidade, Organizaci\u00f3n Panamericana de la Salud (OPS-OMS), & Universidad CES (2018, June 27). (s. f.). Epidat. Programa para An\u00e1lisis Epidemiol\u00f3gico de Datos. Versi\u00f3n 3.1. Available online: https:\/\/extranet.sergas.es\/EPIWB\/EPIWB\/SolicitudeEpidat.aspx?IdPaxina=62715&idv=1&lng=es."},{"key":"ref_30","unstructured":"Babor, T.F., Higgins-Biddle, J.C., Saunders, J.B., and Monteiro, M.G. (2001). Guidelines for Use in Primary Care, World Health Organization."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1997.tb03811.x","article-title":"A Review of Research on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)","volume":"21","author":"Allen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"ref_32","first-page":"553","article-title":"Papel del Test AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test) para la detecci\u00f3n de consumo excesivo de alcohol en Atenci\u00f3n Primaria","volume":"11","author":"Gallego","year":"2001","journal-title":"MEDIFAM"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.20882\/adicciones.1105","article-title":"Empirical validation of the CRAFFT Abuse Screening Test in a Spanish sample. Validaci\u00f3n emp\u00edrica del CRAFFT Abuse Screening Test en una muestra de adolescentes espa\u00f1oles","volume":"31","author":"Rial","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adicciones"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.20882\/adicciones.958","article-title":"Validaci\u00f3n psicom\u00e9trica del POSIT para el cribado del consumo de riesgo de alcohol y otras drogas entre adolescentes","volume":"30","author":"Araujo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adicciones"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.20882\/adicciones.31","article-title":"El Cuestionario de Experiencias Relacionadas con los Videojuegos (CERV): Un instrumento para detectar el uso problem\u00e1tico de videojuegos en adolescentes espa\u00f1oles [The Questionnaire of Experiences Associated with Video games (CERV): An instrument to detect the problematic use of video games in Spanish adolescents]","volume":"26","author":"Chamarro","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adicciones"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1080\/15213260802669458","article-title":"Development and validation of a game addiction scale for adolescents","volume":"12","author":"Lemmens","year":"2009","journal-title":"Media Psychol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aprim.2017.03.015","article-title":"Validaci\u00f3n espa\u00f1ola de la Escala de Adicci\u00f3n a Videojuegos para Adolescentes (GASA)","volume":"50","author":"Lloret","year":"2018","journal-title":"Atenci\u00f3n Primaria"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.20882\/adicciones.983","article-title":"Creaci\u00f3n y estudio de las propiedades psicom\u00e9tricas del cuestionario de socializaci\u00f3n parental, T.X.P","volume":"31","author":"Benito","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adicciones"},{"key":"ref_39","unstructured":"Musitu, G., and Garc\u00eda, J.F. (2004). ESPA29, Escalas de Estilos de Socializaci\u00f3n en la Adolescencia, TEA Ediciones. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_40","first-page":"63","article-title":"Estilos parentales percibidos, psicopatolog\u00eda y personalidad en la adolescencia","volume":"14","author":"Iglesias","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rev. De Psicopatolog\u00eda Y Psicol. Cl\u00ednica"},{"key":"ref_41","unstructured":"Barbaranelli, C., Caprara, G.V., Rabasca, A., Barrio, M.V., Carrasco Ort\u00edz, M.A., and Holgado Tello, F.P. (2013). BFQ-NA: Cuestionario \u201cBig Five\u201d de Personalidad Para Ni\u00f1os y Adolescentes: Manual, TEA. [3rd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_42","first-page":"13","article-title":"Caracter\u00edsticas psicom\u00e9tricas del cuestionario de personalidad BFQNA (Big five questionnaire- ni\u00f1os y adolescentes)","volume":"39","author":"Soto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aula Abierta"},{"key":"ref_43","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez, J., Fern\u00e1ndez, S., P\u00e9rez, E., and Santamar\u00eda, P. (2004). Adaptaci\u00f3n Espa\u00f1ola del Sistema de Evaluaci\u00f3n de la Conducta en Ni\u00f1os y Adolescentes: BASC, TEA."},{"key":"ref_44","unstructured":"Reynolds, C.R., and Kamphaus, R.W. (2004). BASC: Sistema de Evaluaci\u00f3n de la Conducta de Ni\u00f1os y Adolescentes: Manual, TEA."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1080\/10826084.2018.1536718","article-title":"Dimensions of the Parent-Child Relationship: Effects on Substance Use in Adolescence and Adulthood","volume":"54","author":"Mak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Subst. Use Misuse"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/S1054-139X(02)00398-1","article-title":"Perceived legitimacy of parental authority and tobacco and alcohol use during early adolescence","volume":"31","author":"Jackson","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Adolesc. Health Off. Publ. Soc. Adolesc. Med."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agm060","article-title":"Perceived parenting styles and tobacco, alcohol and cannabis use among French adolescents: Gender and family structure differentials","volume":"43","author":"Choquet","year":"2008","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcohol."},{"key":"ref_48","first-page":"292","article-title":"Parental permissiveness, control, and affect and drug use among adolescents","volume":"25","author":"Calafat","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psicothema"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1177\/109019819402100110","article-title":"Authoritative parenting, child competencies, and initiation of cigarette smoking","volume":"21","author":"Jackson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Health Educ. Q."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2006.12.005","article-title":"Is parenting style a context for smoking-specific parenting practices?","volume":"89","author":"Huver","year":"2007","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2011.72.247","article-title":"Gender-specific mediational links between parenting styles, parental monitoring, impulsiveness, drinking control, and alcohol-related problems","volume":"72","author":"King","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1177\/0272431691111004","article-title":"The influence of parenting style on adolescent competence and substance use","volume":"11","author":"Baumrind","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Early Adolesc."},{"key":"ref_53","first-page":"319","article-title":"The Authoritative Parenting Index: Predicting health risk behaviors among children and adolescents","volume":"25","author":"Jackson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Health Educ. Behav. Off. Publ. Soc. Public Health Educ."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1080\/10826084.2016.1245337","article-title":"Parental Style and Its Association With Substance Use in Argentinean Youth","volume":"52","author":"Morello","year":"2017","journal-title":"Subst. Use Misuse"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579417001766","article-title":"Nurturant-involved parenting and adolescent substance use: Examining an internalizing pathway through adolescent social anxiety symptoms and substance refusal efficacy","volume":"31","author":"Weymouth","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dev. Psychopathol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2014.10.002","article-title":"Five-Factor Model and alcohol outcomes: Mediating and moderating role of alcohol expectancies","volume":"74","author":"Mezquita","year":"2015","journal-title":"Personal. Individ. Differ."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1080\/10826084.2018.1544985","article-title":"Personality Traits Moderate Connections from Drinking Attitudes to Alcohol Use and Myopic Relief, Self-inflation, and Excess","volume":"54","author":"Lac","year":"2019","journal-title":"Subst. Use Misuse"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1037\/a0020327","article-title":"Linking \u201cbig\u201d personality traits to anxiety, depressive, and substance use disorders: A meta-analysis","volume":"136","author":"Kotov","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1080\/10826084.2019.1663359","article-title":"Associations of Personality Traits and Emotional Intelligence: Comparing Individuals in Rehabilitation from Drug Misuse, Occasional Users and Non-Users","volume":"55","author":"Tsavou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Subst. Use Misuse"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2016.06.020","article-title":"Family dynamics and alcohol and marijuana use among adolescents: The mediating role of negative emotional symptoms and sensation seeking","volume":"62","author":"Trujillo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Addict. Behav."},{"key":"ref_61","first-page":"814","article-title":"Interplay Between Sensation Seeking and Parental Rules in the Emergence of Heavy Episodic Drinking","volume":"29","author":"Percy","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Res. Adolesc. Off. J. Soc. Res. Adolesc."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-311X2005000500012","article-title":"Asociaci\u00f3n entre s\u00edntomas depresivos y consumo abusivo de alcohol en estudiantes de Bucaramanga, Colombia [Association between depressive symptoms and alcohol abuse among students from Bucaramanga, Colombia]","volume":"21","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cad. De Saude Publica"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200212000-00022","article-title":"Sensation seeking, puberty, and nicotine, alcohol, and marijuana use in adolescence","volume":"41","author":"Martin","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-164X.14.3.243","article-title":"Validation of a system of classifying female substance abusers on the basis of personality and motivational risk factors for substance abuse","volume":"14","author":"Conrod","year":"2000","journal-title":"Psychol. Addict. Behav."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.68.5.818","article-title":"Personality and substance use disorders: A prospective study","volume":"68","author":"Sher","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Consult. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, F., Yang, H., Bulut, O., Cui, Y., and Xin, T. (2019). Examining the relation of personality factors to substance use disorder by explanatory item response modeling of DSM-5 symptoms. PLoS ONE, 14.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0217630"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579404044475","article-title":"Early adolescent through young adult alcohol and marijuana use trajectories: Early predictors, young adult outcomes, and predictive utility","volume":"16","author":"Flory","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dev. Psychopathol."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2016.02.004","article-title":"Parent-based interventions for preventing or reducing adolescent substance use\u2014A systematic literature review","volume":"45","author":"Kuntsche","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1007\/s11121-017-0853-6","article-title":"For Whom Do Parenting Interventions to Prevent Adolescent Substance Use Work?","volume":"19","author":"Doty","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prev. Sci. Off. J. Soc. Prev. Res."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1080\/08870446.2019.1675660","article-title":"Alcohol use and abuse and motivations for drinking and non-drinking among Spanish adolescents: Do we know enough when we know parenting style?","volume":"35","author":"Serra","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychol. Health"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/s10935-019-00576-x","article-title":"Authoritative Parenting Behaviors and Marijuana Use Based on Age Among a National Sample of Hispanic Adolescents","volume":"41","author":"Merianos","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Prim. Prev."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20154425","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-4425","article-title":"Effective Parenting Interventions to Reduce Youth Substance Use: A Systematic Review","volume":"138","author":"Allen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2018.05.031","article-title":"Parent-based interventions on adolescent alcohol use outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"191","author":"Bo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."}],"container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-3425\/14\/5\/449\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T14:36:39Z","timestamp":1760106999000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-3425\/14\/5\/449"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}},"alternative-id":["brainsci14050449"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/brainsci14050449","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-3425"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-3425","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]]}}}