{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T08:39:21Z","timestamp":1780735161949,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":175,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]],"date-time":"2024-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723075200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32371098"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32371098"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18ZDA293"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18ZDA293"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021WSYS002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021WSYS002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Major Program of the National Social Science Fund of China","award":["32371098"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32371098"]}]},{"name":"Major Program of the National Social Science Fund of China","award":["18ZDA293"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18ZDA293"]}]},{"name":"Major Program of the National Social Science Fund of China","award":["2021WSYS002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021WSYS002"]}]},{"name":"Neuroeconomics Laboratory of Guangzhou Huashang College","award":["32371098"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32371098"]}]},{"name":"Neuroeconomics Laboratory of Guangzhou Huashang College","award":["18ZDA293"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18ZDA293"]}]},{"name":"Neuroeconomics Laboratory of Guangzhou Huashang College","award":["2021WSYS002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021WSYS002"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bodily self-consciousness (BSC), a subject of interdisciplinary interest, refers to the awareness of one\u2019s bodily states. Previous studies have noted the existence of individual differences in BSC, while neglecting the underlying factors and neural basis of such individual differences. Considering that BSC relied on integration from both internal and external self-relevant information, we here review previous findings on individual differences in BSC through a three-level-self model, which includes interoceptive, exteroceptive, and mental self-processing. The data show that cross-level factors influenced individual differences in BSC, involving internal bodily signal perceptibility, multisensory processing principles, personal traits shaped by environment, and interaction modes that integrate multiple levels of self-processing. Furthermore, in interoceptive processing, regions like the anterior cingulate cortex and insula show correlations with different perceptions of internal sensations. For exteroception, the parietal lobe integrates sensory inputs, coordinating various BSC responses. Mental self-processing modulates differences in BSC through areas like the medial prefrontal cortex. For interactions between multiple levels of self-processing, regions like the intraparietal sulcus involve individual differences in BSC. We propose that diverse experiences of BSC can be attributed to different levels of self-processing, which moderates one\u2019s perception of their body. Overall, considering individual differences in BSC is worth amalgamating diverse methodologies for the diagnosis and treatment of some diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci14080795","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]],"date-time":"2024-08-08T15:04:24Z","timestamp":1723129464000},"page":"795","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Individual Differences in Bodily Self-Consciousness and Its Neural Basis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3569-6365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pengmin","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China"},{"name":"Pazhou Lab, Guangzhou 510330, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8083-879X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2019.02.002","article-title":"Coupling Inner and Outer Body for Self-Consciousness","volume":"23","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2020.05.004","article-title":"Linking bodily, environmental and mental states in the self-A three-level model based on a meta-analysis","volume":"115","author":"Qin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2014.08.003","article-title":"Breathing and sense of self: Visuo-respiratory conflicts alter body self-consciousness","volume":"203","author":"Adler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.09.029","article-title":"Behavioral, Neural, and Computational Principles of Bodily Self-Consciousness","volume":"88","author":"Blanke","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2235","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhl131","article-title":"Neural signatures of body ownership: A sensory network for bodily self-consciousness","volume":"17","author":"Tsakiris","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-021-04778-3","article-title":"The perspectives of mapping and monitoring of the sense of self in neurosurgical patients","volume":"163","author":"Schaller","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2445","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797613498395","article-title":"Turning body and self inside out: Visualized heartbeats alter bodily self-consciousness and tactile perception","volume":"24","author":"Aspell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1038\/35784","article-title":"Rubber hands \u2018feel\u2019 touch that eyes see","volume":"391","author":"Botvinick","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1143439","article-title":"Video ergo sum: Manipulating bodily self-consciousness","volume":"317","author":"Lenggenhager","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3292","article-title":"Multisensory brain mechanisms of bodily self-consciousness","volume":"13","author":"Blanke","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1080\/17470218.2016.1181768","article-title":"The multisensory basis of the self: From body to identity to others","volume":"70","author":"Tsakiris","year":"2017","journal-title":"Q. J. Exp. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2015.10.003","article-title":"The development of multisensory body representation and awareness continues to 10 years of age: Evidence from the rubber hand illusion","volume":"142","author":"Cowie","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Exp. Child. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Venskus, A., Ferri, F., Migliorati, D., Spadone, S., Costantini, M., and Hughes, G. (2021). Temporal binding window and sense of agency are related processes modifiable via occipital tACS. PLoS ONE, 16.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0256987"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"439","article-title":"A meta-analytic study examining the relationship between alexithymia and dissociation in psychiatric and nonclinical populations","volume":"23","author":"Reyno","year":"2020","journal-title":"Res. Psychother."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Virtanen, N., Tiippana, K., Tervaniemi, M., Poikonen, H., Anttila, E., and Kaseva, K. (2022). Exploring body consciousness of dancers, athletes, and lightly physically active adults. Sci. Rep., 12.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-11737-0"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1080\/17588928.2013.808613","article-title":"My face, my heart: Cultural differences in integrated bodily self-awareness","volume":"5","author":"Maister","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cogn. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2016.08.010","article-title":"Temporal limits on rubber hand illusion reflect individuals\u2019 temporal resolution in multisensory perception","volume":"157","author":"Costantini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2555","article-title":"How do you feel--now? The anterior insula and human awareness","volume":"10","author":"Craig","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Farmer, H., Maister, L., and Tsakiris, M. (2014). Change my body, change my mind: The effects of illusory ownership of an outgroup hand on implicit attitudes toward that outgroup. Front. Psychol., 4.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2013.01016"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pfeiffer, C., Lopez, C., Schmutz, V., Duenas, J.A., Martuzzi, R., and Blanke, O. (2013). Multisensory origin of the subjective first-person perspective: Visual, tactile, and vestibular mechanisms. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0061751"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dary, Z., and Lopez, C. (2023). Understanding the neural bases of bodily self-consciousness: Recent achievements and main challenges. Front. Integr. Neurosci., 17.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnint.2023.1145924"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.3758\/s13415-013-0190-6","article-title":"Susceptibility to the rubber hand illusion does not tell the whole body-awareness story","volume":"14","author":"David","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cogn. Affect. Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zaidel, A., and Salomon, R. (2023). Multisensory decisions from self to world. Philos. Trans. R Soc. Lond B Biol. Sci., 378.","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2022.0335"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.concog.2013.08.013","article-title":"Bodily ownership and self-location: Components of bodily self-consciousness","volume":"22","author":"Serino","year":"2013","journal-title":"Conscious Cogn."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22659","article-title":"Increased functional connectivity between superior colliculus and brain regions implicated in bodily self-consciousness during the rubber hand illusion","volume":"36","author":"Tempelmann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2014.09.005","article-title":"Global cortical thinning in acute anorexia nervosa normalizes following long-term weight restoration","volume":"77","author":"King","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.02.003","article-title":"Weight restoration therapy rapidly reverses cortical thinning in anorexia nervosa: A longitudinal study","volume":"130","author":"Bernardoni","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22828","article-title":"Cortical thickness patterns as state biomarker of anorexia nervosa","volume":"51","author":"Lavagnino","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Eat Disord."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5251","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1740-20.2021","article-title":"Neural Responses to Heartbeats Detect Residual Signs of Consciousness during Resting State in Postcomatose Patients","volume":"41","author":"Annen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-016-1297-7","article-title":"Salience network connectivity in the insula is associated with individual differences in interoceptive accuracy","volume":"222","author":"Chong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Struct. Funct."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1089\/brain.2020.0777","article-title":"The Relationship Between Functional Connectivity and Interoceptive Sensibility","volume":"12","author":"Smith","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Connect."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.05.062","article-title":"Cultural differences in human brain activity: A quantitative meta-analysis","volume":"99","author":"Han","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_01835","article-title":"Individual Differences in Multisensory Processing Are Related to Broad Differences in the Balance of Local versus Distributed Information","volume":"34","author":"Johnston","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Cogn. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guterstam, A., Bj\u00f6rnsdotter, M., Bergouignan, L., Gentile, G., Li, T.Q., and Ehrsson, H.H. (2015). Decoding illusory self-location from activity in the human hippocampus. Front. Hum. Neurosci., 9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2015.00412"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nst028","article-title":"Brains creating stories of selves: The neural basis of autobiographical reasoning","volume":"9","author":"Cassol","year":"2014","journal-title":"Soc. Cogn. Affect. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1097011","article-title":"That\u2019s my hand! Activity in premotor cortex reflects feeling of ownership of a limb","volume":"305","author":"Ehrsson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bowling, N.C., Botan, V., Santiesteban, I., Ward, J., and Banissy, M.J. (2019). Atypical bodily self-awareness in vicarious pain responders. Philos. Trans. R Soc. Lond B Biol. Sci., 374.","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2018.0361"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-023-01425-1","article-title":"Interoceptive rhythms in the brain","volume":"26","author":"Engelen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2023.09.035","article-title":"Nightmares, interoceptive sensibility and nociception: An exploratory study in a general population","volume":"112","author":"Faccini","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2018.04.001","article-title":"Interoceptive influences on peripersonal space boundary","volume":"177","author":"Ardizzi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2018.06.007","article-title":"Interoception is associated with heartbeat-evoked brain potentials (HEPs) in adolescents","volume":"137","author":"Mai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biol. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2019.03.006","article-title":"Seeing myself through my heart: Cortical processing of a single heartbeat speeds up self-face recognition","volume":"144","author":"Ambrosini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biol. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_43","first-page":"2470","article-title":"Just a heartbeat away from one\u2019s body: Interoceptive sensitivity predicts malleability of body-representations","volume":"278","author":"Tsakiris","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Raimo, S., Boccia, M., Di Vita, A., Cropano, M., Guariglia, C., Grossi, D., and Palermo, L. (2021). The Body Across Adulthood: On the Relation Between Interoception and Body Representations. Front. Neurosci., 15.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2021.586684"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Longarzo, M., Mele, G., Alfano, V., Salvatore, M., and Cavaliere, C. (2021). Gender Brain Structural Differences and Interoception. Front. Neurosci., 14.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2020.586860"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copsyc.2018.04.008","article-title":"Going at the heart of social cognition: Is there a role for interoception in self-other distinction?","volume":"24","author":"Palmer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1888","DOI":"10.1177\/17470218211024822","article-title":"Vicarious pain is an outcome of atypical body ownership: Evidence from the rubber hand illusion and enfacement illusion","volume":"74","author":"Botan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Q. J. Exp. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1038\/415429a","article-title":"Humans integrate visual and haptic information in a statistically optimal fashion","volume":"415","author":"Ernst","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104722","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2021.104722","article-title":"Integration of predictions and afferent signals in body ownership","volume":"212","author":"Chancel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1163\/22134808-20191440","article-title":"Extending Bayesian Models of the Rubber Hand Illusion","volume":"33","author":"Litwin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Multisens. Res."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e77221","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.77221","article-title":"Uncertainty-based inference of a common cause for body ownership","volume":"11","author":"Chancel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1037\/a0030755","article-title":"Exposure to the self-face facilitates identification of dynamic facial expressions: Influences on individual differences","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005653411471","article-title":"The autism-spectrum quotient (AQ): Evidence from Asperger syndrome\/high-functioning autism, males and females, scientists and mathematicians","volume":"31","author":"Wheelwright","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Autism. Dev. Disord."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(92)90266-S","article-title":"The process of discourse: Usages of a Japanese medical term","volume":"34","author":"Rosenberger","year":"1992","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1037\/a0027010","article-title":"Culture and the body: East-West differences in visceral perception","volume":"102","author":"Blascovich","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Pers. Soc. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lira, M., Egito, J.H., Dall\u2019Agnol, P.A., Amodio, D.M., Gon\u00e7alves, \u00d3.F., and Boggio, P.S. (2017). The influence of skin colour on the experience of ownership in the rubber hand illusion. Sci. Rep., 7.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-16137-3"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2017.12.009","article-title":"\u201cThis body is me\u201d: Discovering the ways in which the body is salient in people\u2019s identities","volume":"24","author":"Kling","year":"2018","journal-title":"Body Image"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ainley, V., Apps, M.A., Fotopoulou, A., and Tsakiris, M. (2016). \u2018Bodily precision\u2019: A predictive coding account of individual differences in interoceptive accuracy. Philos. Trans. R Soc. Lond B Biol. Sci., 371.","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2016.0003"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2010.10.015","article-title":"Association between interoception and empathy: Evidence from heartbeat-evoked brain potential","volume":"79","author":"Fukushima","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Psychophysiol."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2953","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-018-3564-3","article-title":"The Feeling of Me Feeling for You: Interoception, Alexithymia and Empathy in Autism","volume":"48","author":"Mul","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Autism. Dev. Disord."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.concog.2011.02.005","article-title":"Rubber hand illusion, empathy, and schizotypal experiences in terms of self-other representations","volume":"20","author":"Asai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Conscious Cogn."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heydrich, L., Walker, F., Bl\u00e4ttler, L., Herbelin, B., Blanke, O., and Aspell, J.E. (2021). Interoception and Empathy Impact Perspective Taking. Front. Psychol., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.599429"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8453","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0311-16.2016","article-title":"Transient Modulations of Neural Responses to Heartbeats Covary with Bodily Self-Consciousness","volume":"36","author":"Park","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ceunen, E., Vlaeyen, J.W., and Van Diest, I. (2016). On the Origin of Interoception. Front. Psychol., 7.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2016.00743"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2004.04.004","article-title":"Human feelings: Why are some more aware than others?","volume":"8","author":"Craig","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2014.11.004","article-title":"Knowing your own heart: Distinguishing interoceptive accuracy from interoceptive awareness","volume":"104","author":"Garfinkel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2015.10.005","article-title":"Threat and the Body: How the Heart Supports Fear Processing","volume":"20","author":"Garfinkel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1756-8765.2012.01189.x","article-title":"The body in the mind: On the relationship between interoception and embodiment","volume":"4","author":"Herbert","year":"2012","journal-title":"Top. Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2010.07.006","article-title":"Can you feel the beat? Interoceptive awareness is an interactive function of anxiety- and depression-specific symptom dimensions","volume":"48","author":"Dunn","year":"2010","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Umeda, S., Tochizawa, S., Shibata, M., and Terasawa, Y. (2016). Prospective memory mediated by interoceptive accuracy: A psychophysiological approach. Philos. Trans. R Soc. Lond B Biol. Sci., 371.","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2016.0005"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agt024","article-title":"Interoceptive awareness, tension reduction expectancies and self-reported drinking behavior","volume":"48","author":"Schmidt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcohol."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2014.11.011","article-title":"Peripersonal space in the brain","volume":"66","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"ref_73","first-page":"5144","article-title":"Heartfelt Self: Cardio-Visual Integration Affects Self-Face Recognition and Interoceptive Cortical Processing","volume":"27","author":"Sel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.concog.2016.11.002","article-title":"Interoception and gender: What aspects should we pay attention to?","volume":"48","author":"Baranauskas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Conscious Cogn."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3950","article-title":"Interoceptive predictions in the brain","volume":"16","author":"Barrett","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6818","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0609509104","article-title":"A cortical potential reflecting cardiac function","volume":"104","author":"Gray","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-8986.2004.00170.x","article-title":"Accuracy of heartbeat perception is reflected in the amplitude of the heartbeat-evoked brain potential","volume":"41","author":"Pollatos","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luft, C.D., and Bhattacharya, J. (2015). Aroused with heart: Modulation of heartbeat evoked potential by arousal induction and its oscillatory correlates. Sci. Rep., 5.","DOI":"10.1038\/srep15717"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, Y., Xie, M., Liu, Y., Zhang, X., Jiang, L., Bao, H., Qin, P., and Han, J. (2023). Brain State Relays Self-Processing and Heartbeat-Evoked Cortical Responses. Brain Sci., 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci13050832"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20121","article-title":"Brain structures involved in interoceptive awareness and cardioafferent signal processing: A dipole source localization study","volume":"26","author":"Pollatos","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.3109\/00207459108990745","article-title":"Individual differences in cortical evoked potentials as a function of heartbeat detection ability","volume":"61","author":"Katkin","year":"1991","journal-title":"Int. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ueno, D., Matsuoka, T., Kato, Y., Ayani, N., Maeda, S., Takeda, M., and Narumoto, J. (2020). Individual Differences in Interoceptive Accuracy Are Correlated With Salience Network Connectivity in Older Adults. Front. Aging Neurosci., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2020.592002"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.11.038","article-title":"Association between heart rate variability and fluctuations in resting-state functional connectivity","volume":"68","author":"Chang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2349","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5587-06.2007","article-title":"Dissociable intrinsic connectivity networks for salience processing and executive control","volume":"27","author":"Seeley","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-010-0265-x","article-title":"Conjoint activity of anterior insular and anterior cingulate cortex: Awareness and response","volume":"214","author":"Medford","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Struct. Funct."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws364","article-title":"Distinct illusory own-body perceptions caused by damage to posterior insula and extrastriate cortex","volume":"136","author":"Heydrich","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.495606","article-title":"Tight link between our sense of limb ownership and self-awareness of actions","volume":"39","author":"Baier","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.05.046","article-title":"Social anxiety, posterior insula activation, and autonomic response during self-initiated action in a Cyberball game","volume":"255","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1177\/03010066221145197","article-title":"Did you hear your action? An ecological approach to the senses of ownership and agency","volume":"52","author":"Re","year":"2023","journal-title":"Perception"},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aspell, J.E., Lenggenhager, B., and Blanke, O. (2012). Multisensory Perception and Bodily Self-Consciousness: From Out-of-Body to Inside-Body Experience. Neural Bases Multisensory Process, CRC Press.","DOI":"10.1201\/9781439812174-30"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1037\/xhp0000508","article-title":"Auditory cues influence the rubber-hand illusion","volume":"44","author":"Radziun","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.329.7480.1414","article-title":"Out of body experiences and their neural basis","volume":"329","author":"Blanke","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1830","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2012.04.008","article-title":"Vestibular stimulation modifies the body schema","volume":"50","author":"Lopez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Scandola, M., Tidoni, E., Avesani, R., Brunelli, G., Aglioti, S.M., and Moro, V. (2014). Rubber hand illusion induced by touching the face ipsilaterally to a deprived hand: Evidence for plastic \u201csomatotopic\u201d remapping in tetraplegics. Front. Hum. Neurosci., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2014.00404"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2018.01.007","article-title":"The \u2018Enfacement\u2019 illusion: A window on the plasticity of the self","volume":"104","author":"Porciello","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s10339-023-01154-0","article-title":"Beyond peripersonal boundaries: Insights from crossmodal interactions","volume":"25","author":"Finotti","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cogn. Process"},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2023.105491","article-title":"Quantifying body ownership information processing and perceptual bias in the rubber hand illusion","volume":"238","author":"Lanfranco","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-011-2743-7","article-title":"Proprioceptive integration and body representation: Insights into dancers\u2019 expertise","volume":"213","author":"Jola","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2022.07.013","article-title":"Sensory system-specific associations between brain structure and balance","volume":"119","author":"Hupfeld","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e54172","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.54172","article-title":"Using the past to estimate sensory uncertainty","volume":"9","author":"Beierholm","year":"2020","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2023.04.005","article-title":"Proprioceptive uncertainty promotes the rubber hand illusion","volume":"165","author":"Chancel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-99-7611-9_4","article-title":"Multisensory Integration and Causal Inference in Typical and Atypical Populations","volume":"1437","author":"Jones","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1163\/22134808-00002510","article-title":"Statistically Optimal Multisensory Cue Integration: A Practical Tutorial","volume":"29","author":"Rohde","year":"2016","journal-title":"Multisens. Res."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1037\/a0027339","article-title":"Individual differences in the multisensory temporal binding window predict susceptibility to audiovisual illusions","volume":"38","author":"Stevenson","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Samad, M., Chung, A.J., and Shams, L. (2015). Perception of body ownership is driven by Bayesian sensory inference. PLoS ONE, 10.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0117178"},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, Y., Acerbi, L., and Ma, W.J. (2020). The role of sensory uncertainty in simple contour integration. PLoS Comput. Biol., 16.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1006308"},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1177\/09567976211018618","article-title":"The Self in the Mind\u2019s Eye: Revealing How We Truly See Ourselves Through Reverse Correlation","volume":"32","author":"Maister","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6827","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0400049101","article-title":"Parietal cortex and representation of the mental Self","volume":"101","author":"Lou","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1884","article-title":"Meeting of minds: The medial frontal cortex and social cognition","volume":"7","author":"Amodio","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1279.014","article-title":"Feelings of emotion and the self","volume":"1001","author":"Damasio","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855450","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.855450","article-title":"Personal Memories and Bodily-Cues Influence Our Sense of Self","volume":"13","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1080\/09658211.2014.920885","article-title":"Autobiographical reasoning in life narratives buffers the effect of biographical disruptions on the sense of self-continuity","volume":"23","author":"Habermas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Memory"},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/1747-5341-2-30","article-title":"Why the way we consider the body matters\u2014Reflections on four bioethical perspectives on the human body","volume":"2","author":"Schicktanz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Philos. Ethics Humanit. Med."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-6494.696168","article-title":"Self as cultural product: An examination of East Asian and North American selves. Subcortical contributions to the sense of body ownership","volume":"692","author":"Heine","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Pers."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1348\/014466699164149","article-title":"The theory of planned behaviour: Self-identity, social identity and group norms","volume":"38","author":"Terry","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br. J. Soc. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nsw008","article-title":"Spontaneous activity in default-mode network predicts ascription of self-relatedness to stimuli","volume":"11","author":"Qin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Soc. Cogn. Affect. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2013.04.002","article-title":"Experiencing ownership over a dark-skinned body reduces implicit racial bias","volume":"128","author":"Maister","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2014.11.001","article-title":"Changing bodies changes minds: Owning another body affects social cognition","volume":"19","author":"Maister","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2016.04.007","article-title":"Embodied possibilities and disruptions: The emergence of the Experience of Embodiment construct from qualitative studies with girls and women","volume":"18","author":"Piran","year":"2016","journal-title":"Body Image"},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moutoussis, M., Trujillo-Barreto, N.J., El-Deredy, W., Dolan, R.J., and Friston, K.J. (2014). A formal model of interpersonal inference. Front. Hum. Neurosci., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2014.00160"},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tajadura-Jim\u00e9nez, A., Grehl, S., and Tsakiris, M. (2012). The other in me: Interpersonal multisensory stimulation changes the mental representation of the self. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0040682"},{"key":"ref_122","first-page":"312","article-title":"Self-related processing in mindfulness-based interventions","volume":"28","author":"Desbordes","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2009.08.026","article-title":"Subjective and physical dimensions of bodily self-consciousness, and their dis-integration in anorexia nervosa","volume":"48","author":"Legrand","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"tgaa060","DOI":"10.1093\/texcom\/tgaa060","article-title":"Skipping a Beat: Heartbeat-Evoked Potentials Reflect Predictions during Interoceptive-Exteroceptive Integration","volume":"1","author":"Banellis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex Commun."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2013.09.007","article-title":"Interoceptive inference, emotion, and the embodied self","volume":"17","author":"Seth","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.3758\/s13415-013-0227-x","article-title":"Why do you fear the bogeyman? An embodied predictive coding model of perceptual inference","volume":"14","author":"Pezzulo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cogn. Affect. Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2009.04.005","article-title":"The free-energy principle: A rough guide to the brain?","volume":"13","author":"Friston","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2014.02.001","article-title":"Interoceptive inference: Homeostasis and decision-making","volume":"18","author":"Gu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-009-2039-3","article-title":"Hands only illusion: Multisensory integration elicits sense of ownership for body parts but not for non-corporeal objects","volume":"204","author":"Tsakiris","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1037\/a0033171","article-title":"Balancing the \u201cinner\u201d and the \u201couter\u201d self: Interoceptive sensitivity modulates self-other boundaries","volume":"143","author":"Tsakiris","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Exp. Psychol. Gen."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.13420","article-title":"Reigniting compassion in healthcare: Manaakitia Reflective Rounds","volume":"47","author":"Shah","year":"2017","journal-title":"Intern. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1162\/0898929041502661","article-title":"How would you feel versus how do you think she would feel? A neuroimaging study of perspective-taking with social emotions","volume":"16","author":"Ruby","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Cogn. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nsn006","article-title":"Your pain or mine? Common and distinct neural systems supporting the perception of pain in self and other","volume":"3","author":"Ochsner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Soc. Cogn. Affect. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matuz-Budai, T., L\u00e1badi, B., Kohn, E., Matuz, A., Zsid\u00f3, A.N., Inh\u00f3f, O., K\u00e1llai, J., Szolcs\u00e1nyi, T., Perlaki, G., and Orsi, G. (2022). Individual differences in the experience of body ownership are related to cortical thickness. Sci. Rep., 12.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-04720-8"},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2019.08.018","article-title":"Neurofunctional correlates of body-ownership and sense of agency: A meta-analytical account of self-consciousness","volume":"121","author":"Seghezzi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2004.02.004","article-title":"Neural correlates of action attribution in schizophrenia","volume":"131","author":"Farrer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.1009","article-title":"Experiencing oneself vs another person as being the cause of an action: The neural correlates of the experience of agency","volume":"15","author":"Farrer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002940","article-title":"Impaired self-agency in functional movement disorders: A resting-state fMRI study","volume":"87","author":"Maurer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Van Ombergen, A., Wuyts, F.L., Jeurissen, B., Sijbers, J., Vanhevel, F., Jillings, S., Parizel, P.M., Sunaert, S., Van de Heyning, P.H., and Dousset, V. (2017). Intrinsic functional connectivity reduces after first-time exposure to short-term gravitational alterations induced by parabolic flight. Sci. Rep., 7.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-03170-5"},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spadone, S., Perrucci, M.G., Di Cosmo, G., Costantini, M., Della Penna, S., and Ferri, F. (2021). Frontal and parietal background connectivity and their dynamic changes account for individual differences in the multisensory representation of peripersonal space. Sci. Rep., 11.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-00048-5"},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.07.067","article-title":"Changes in structural and functional connectivity among resting-state networks across the human lifespan","volume":"102","author":"Betzel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bagarinao, E., Watanabe, H., Maesawa, S., Mori, D., Hara, K., Kawabata, K., Yoneyama, N., Ohdake, R., Imai, K., and Masuda, M. (2019). Reorganization of brain networks and its association with general cognitive performance over the adult lifespan. Sci. Rep., 9.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-47922-x"},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2007.01.026","article-title":"Brain structures mediating cardiovascular arousal and interoceptive awareness","volume":"1141","author":"Pollatos","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1176","article-title":"Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness","volume":"7","author":"Critchley","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.21503","article-title":"Anatomical and functional overlap within the insula and anterior cingulate cortex during interoception and phobic symptom provocation","volume":"34","author":"Caseras","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-6613(00)01521-7","article-title":"Self-recognition and the right prefrontal cortex","volume":"4","author":"Keenan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci."},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2017.02.031","article-title":"Self-face recognition shares brain regions active during proprioceptive illusion in the right inferior fronto-parietal superior longitudinal fasciculus III network","volume":"348","author":"Morita","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-010-0262-0","article-title":"Saliency, switching, attention and control: A network model of insula function","volume":"214","author":"Menon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Struct. Funct."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8721.2008.00554.x","article-title":"The Neural Basis of Selective Attention: Cortical Sources and Targets of Attentional Modulation","volume":"17","author":"Yantis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Dir. Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2007.12.013","article-title":"Multisensory interplay reveals crossmodal influences on \u2018sensory-specific\u2019 brain regions, neural responses, and judgments","volume":"57","author":"Driver","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Katayama, R., Shiraki, R., Ishii, S., and Yoshida, W. (2024). Belief inference for hierarchical hidden states in spatial navigation. Commun Biol., 7.","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-024-06316-0"},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2813","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20707","article-title":"Neural basis of individualistic and collectivistic views of self","volume":"30","author":"Chiao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.3.JNS081366","article-title":"Characteristics of auras in patients undergoing temporal lobectomy","volume":"111","author":"Binder","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2010.05444.x","article-title":"The anatomy of language: A review of 100 fMRI studies published in 2009","volume":"1191","author":"Price","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1037\/pspa0000315","article-title":"Mapping the self: A network approach for understanding psychological and neural representations of self-concept structure","volume":"124","author":"Elder","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Pers. Soc. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27313","DOI":"10.3402\/ejpt.v6.27313","article-title":"Restoring large-scale brain networks in PTSD and related disorders: A proposal for neuroscientifically-informed treatment interventions","volume":"6","author":"Lanius","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Psychotraumatol."},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.3758\/s13415-012-0143-5","article-title":"The precuneus and the insula in self-attributional processes","volume":"13","author":"Cabanis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cogn. Affect. Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8021","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0810363106","article-title":"Neural correlates of admiration and compassion","volume":"106","author":"McColl","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1093535","article-title":"Empathy for pain involves the affective but not sensory components of pain","volume":"303","author":"Singer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1037\/0894-4105.20.6.743","article-title":"Functional modularity of the medial prefrontal cortex: Involvement in human empathy","volume":"20","author":"Seitz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuropsychology"},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"LaVarco, A., Ahmad, N., Archer, Q., Pardillo, M., Nunez Castaneda, R., Minervini, A., and Keenan, J.P. (2022). Self-Conscious Emotions and the Right Fronto-Temporal and Right Temporal Parietal Junction. Brain Sci., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12020138"},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22522","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2005993117","article-title":"Multiple timescales of neural dynamics and integration of task-relevant signals across cortex","volume":"117","author":"Spitmaan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.04.047","article-title":"Parietal connectivity mediates multisensory facilitation","volume":"78","author":"Brang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.concog.2015.06.008","article-title":"Modulations of the experience of self and time","volume":"8","author":"Wittmann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Conscious Cogn."},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Milli\u00e8re, R., Carhart-Harris, R.L., Roseman, L., Trautwein, F.M., and Berkovich-Ohana, A. (2018). Psychedelics, Meditation, and Self-Consciousness. Front. Psychol., 9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2018.01475"},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0b013e3283387ab4","article-title":"Depersonalization disorder","volume":"23","author":"Reutens","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1097\/HNP.0000000000000378","article-title":"Mindfulness Workshops Effects on Nurses\u2019 Burnout, Stress, and Mindfulness Skills","volume":"35","author":"Sarazine","year":"2021","journal-title":"Holist. Nurs. Pract."},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2016.04.007","article-title":"The bodily self: Insights from clinical and experimental research","volume":"60","author":"Dieguez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. Phys. Rehabil. Med."},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105679","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2020.105679","article-title":"Some evidence on Gerstmann\u2019s syndrome: A case study on a variant of the clinical disorder","volume":"148","author":"Basagni","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Cogn."},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-018-8906-8","article-title":"Distorted own-body representations in patients with dizziness and during caloric vestibular stimulation","volume":"265","author":"Lopez","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nesti, A., Rognini, G., Herbelin, B., B\u00fclthoff, H.H., Chuang, L., and Blanke, O. (2018). Modulation of vection latencies in the full-body illusion. PLoS ONE, 13.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0209189"},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2017.12.013","article-title":"Multisensory temporal binding window in autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"86","author":"Zhou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-016-1587-5","article-title":"Temporal integration of multisensory stimuli in autism spectrum disorder: A predictive coding perspective","volume":"123","author":"Chan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neural Transm."},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2008.09.006","article-title":"Advances in magnetic resonance neuroimaging","volume":"27","author":"Moseley","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurol. Clin."},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3443","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awn297","article-title":"Upper limb amputees can be induced to experience a rubber hand as their own","volume":"131","author":"Ehrsson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain"}],"container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-3425\/14\/8\/795\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T15:32:28Z","timestamp":1760110348000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-3425\/14\/8\/795"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]]},"references-count":175,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]}},"alternative-id":["brainsci14080795"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/brainsci14080795","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-3425"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-3425","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]]}}}