{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T12:38:43Z","timestamp":1768567123295,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: MMAE (middle meningeal artery embolization) has emerged as a potential effective treatment for cSDH (chronic subdural hematoma). In this study, MMAE efficiency with regards to cSDH cause and architecture was explored. The comparability of cSDH thickness and volume as parameters for cSDH pre- and post-MMAE assessment was also analyzed. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 52 consecutive cSDH patients treated with MMAE in a single tertiary center were included. The cohort was divided into two group pairs pertaining to cSDH cause (spontaneous or traumatic) and cSDH architecture (non-mature or mature). The radiological outcome was compared in each group before and after MMAE and between each group pair using CT imaging. A correlation analysis between cSDH thickness and volume before and after MMAE was also performed. Results: A statistically significant positive linear association between cSDH thickness and volume at admission and at each follow-up interval (1\u20133, 3\u20136, 6\u201312 months) was noticed. cSDH thickness and volume reduction in each group was statistically significant, except for a traumatic cSDH volume reduction at 6\u201312 months. There was no statistically significant difference between each group pair in the cSDH thickness and volume reduction difference at all the follow-up intervals. Conclusions: A comparable efficiency of MMAE may be achieved in non-mature and mature as well as in spontaneous and traumatic cSDH, with an advantage for spontaneous cSDH at 6\u201312 months follow-up compared to traumatic cSDH. Traumatic cSDH may require a relatively long-term follow-up post-MMAE. cSDH thickness and volume, as parameters for pre- and post-MMAE cSDH evaluation, appear similar.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci14111097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T09:10:44Z","timestamp":1730279444000},"page":"1097","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Radiological Outcome of Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization in Relation to Chronic Subdural Hematoma Cause and Architecture"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2830-6484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed","family":"Abdelghafar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neuroradiology, Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Falzon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Atkinson Morley Regional Neuroscience Centre, St George\u2019s University Hospital, Tooting, London SW17 0QT, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2100-7992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eef J.","family":"Hendriks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neuroradiology, Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1W7, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Radovanovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada"},{"name":"Sprott Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6673-6369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hugo","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada"},{"name":"Sprott Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4326-5597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna D.","family":"Schaafsma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H2, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5111-1972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pascal J.","family":"Mosimann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neuroradiology, Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1W7, Canada"},{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada"},{"name":"Sprott Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.8.JNS10298","article-title":"Chronic Subdural Hematoma in the Elderly: Not a Benign Disease: Clinical Article","volume":"114","author":"Miranda","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. 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