{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T06:34:46Z","timestamp":1775716486954,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]],"date-time":"2024-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Health- Bando Ricerca Finalizzata","award":["NET-2016-02361805"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NET-2016-02361805"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: Cognitive dysfunctions are still very common in the chronic phase of stroke when patients are discharged from neurorehabilitation centers. Even individuals who appear to have made a full clinical recovery may exhibit new deficiencies at home. Here, we present evidence of a novel kind of therapy at home aimed at contrasting the heterogenic evolution of stroke patients using a multidomain cognitive approach. Methods: Eighteen ischemic stroke patients were assessed in a within-subject longitudinal design (age 62.33 \u00b1 11.1 years; eight men). Patients underwent the Tele-NeuroRehabilitation (TNR) multidomain cognitive training treatment using the Virtual Reality Rehabilitation System (VRRS) five times a week for 1 h sessions for four consecutive weeks. The protocol included the stimulation of specific cognitive functions, such as logical skills, praxis skills, attention, executive functions, memory, space time orientation and perception, and speech therapy. To determine neuropsychological changes, patients were evaluated before the sessions (T0), at the end of the sessions (T1), and after six months (T2). Results: The multidomain cognitive training induced a significant improvement in the working memory and language abilities as well as depression symptoms and alleviated caregiver burden. Most of this cognitive enhancement persisted after six months (T2), with the exception of depression symptoms. Otherwise, a significant decline in attention abilities was reported, thus demonstrating a lack of effect in this function. Conclusions: Our results suggest that multidomain cognitive TNR is a suitable protocol for reducing some cognitive and behavioral alterations in patients with strokes, with a beneficial impact also on the caregivers\u2019 burden distress management. Further RCTs are warranted to validate this new kind of approach.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci15010011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]],"date-time":"2024-12-26T19:33:07Z","timestamp":1735241587000},"page":"11","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Application of Multidomain Cognitive Training in a Tele-Neurorehabilitation Setting for Treatment of Post-Stroke Cognitive Disorders"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9825-1347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marianna","family":"Contrada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"S.Anna Institute, 88900 Crotone, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9706-0779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Loris","family":"Pignolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S.Anna Institute, 88900 Crotone, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4423-440X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Vatrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S.Anna Institute, 88900 Crotone, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caterina","family":"Pucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S.Anna Institute, 88900 Crotone, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Mantia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S.Anna Institute, 88900 Crotone, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Scarfone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S.Anna Institute, 88900 Crotone, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Quintieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S.Anna Institute, 88900 Crotone, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Cerasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S.Anna Institute, 88900 Crotone, Italy"},{"name":"IBSBC-CNR, Via T. Campanella, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8775-4061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gennarina","family":"Arabia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurology, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e93","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001123","article-title":"Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2023 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association","volume":"147","author":"Tsao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1007\/s40141-020-00283-3","article-title":"Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairments and Responsiveness to Motor Rehabilitation: A Review","volume":"8","author":"VanGilder","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. 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