{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:01:30Z","timestamp":1760058090586,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Zorgondersteuningsfonds","award":["KPO-11"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KPO-11"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Insomnia is common in forensic psychiatric patients. Not only does insomnia severely impair general mental health, but it has specifically been associated with poor emotion regulation and self-control, potentially leading to problems in impulsivity, hostility, and even aggression. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) could therefore be beneficial in this patient group. Methods: We conducted a 14-week randomized controlled trial of the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) on sleep, general psychopathology, hostility, impulsivity, and aggression in 31 male forensic psychiatric patients. Results: The CBT-I group (n = 11) showed a stronger reduction in self-reported insomnia symptoms and hostility than the waitlist group (n = 11). No differences were found in post-treatment self-reported general psychopathology, impulsivity, or aggression, nor on actigraphy-measured sleep efficiency. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the effectiveness of CBT-I in forensic psychiatric patients and indicates the importance of insomnia treatment in this population, especially considering the effect on hostility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci15030302","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T10:45:06Z","timestamp":1741776306000},"page":"302","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Treatment of Insomnia in Forensic Psychiatric Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9387-6981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maaike Marina","family":"Van Veen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Expertise on Sleep and Psychiatry, GGZ Drenthe Mental Health Institute, 9404 LA Assen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gretha Johanna","family":"Boersma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Psychiatric Hospital, GGZ Drenthe Mental Health Institute, 9404 LA Assen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Karsten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology & Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen, 9712 TS Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marike","family":"Lancel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Psychiatric Hospital, GGZ Drenthe Mental Health Institute, 9404 LA Assen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology & Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen, 9712 TS Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2013.03.008","article-title":"Sleep disturbances in a clinical forensic psychiatric population","volume":"14","author":"Kamphuis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1080\/14789949.2022.2068451","article-title":"Lying awake in forensic hospitals: A multicenter, cross-sectional study on the prevalence of insomnia and contributing factors in forensic psychiatric patients","volume":"33","author":"Mijnster","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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