{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:33:01Z","timestamp":1760059981721,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753228800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGPIN-2019-04414"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGPIN-2019-04414"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Concussions have been associated with deficits in attentional control. The current work examined whether attentional correlates could be enhanced following acute aerobic exercise in those with a history of concussion (CH). Methods: EEG was collected as participants completed a flanker task to evoke stimulus-locked (N2, P3) and response-locked error-related (ERN, Pe) ERPs, before and after participants completed a bout of acute aerobic exercise at moderate intensity. Conflict was modulated with distance (close\/far) and congruency (incongruent\/congruent) of the distractors relative to the targets. Results: CH individuals had reduced accuracy in high-conflict conditions, with improvements following exercise. No differences were observed in attentional cognitive control across the four conditions (close\/far congruent, close\/far incongruent); however, reduced interference control was shown in far conditions, when compared to close conditions. When compared to non-concussed controls, increased accuracy with increased response time in individuals with a concussion history was likely attributed to the speed\u2013accuracy trade-off. Close conditions highlighted a decreased Pe amplitude in CH individuals (as opposed to the active controls), suggesting CH individuals may present with challenges when evaluating an error with working memory. Conclusions: The findings demonstrated acute exercise improved accuracy among CH individuals, and performance monitoring is impacted negatively long term following a concussion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci15080783","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T10:49:17Z","timestamp":1753267757000},"page":"783","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Probing Modulation of Attentional Correlates with Aerobic Exercise in Individuals with a History of Concussion"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Meghan A.","family":"Young","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. E., Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6536-9920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"W. Richard","family":"Staines","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. E., Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2017.04.026","article-title":"Concussion induces focal and widespread neuromorphological changes","volume":"650","author":"Sussman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurosci. Letts."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0000000000000308","article-title":"The epidemiology of concussions: Number and nature of concussions and time to recovery among female and male Canadian varsity athletes 2008 to 2011","volume":"27","author":"Black","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. J. 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