{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:00:06Z","timestamp":1792803606613,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":153,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753228800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"BIOMETEC department, University of Catania","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03a64bh57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Dual task (DT) training consists of practicing exercises while simultaneously performing a concurrent motor or cognitive task. This training modality seems to have beneficial effects on both domains. Various forms of DT training have been implemented for older adults in recent years, but no official guidelines currently exist. This review sought to analyze the studies published on this topic in the last ten years and provide a standard operating procedure (SOP) for healthy older adults in this context. Methods: The review collected articles from PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, adopting a designated set of keywords. Selected manuscripts and relevant information were selected, extrapolated, including information related to the training frequency, intensity, time, and type, and secondary tasks adopted. The secondary tasks were grouped according to previously published studies, and the SOP was created based on the frequency of the parameters collected from the included articles. Results: A total of 44 studies were included in the review. Based on the results, the SOP recommends postural balance or resistance training as primary tasks, combined with a mental tracking task as a secondary component. Two 60-min sessions per week for at least 12 weeks are required to achieve measurable results. Conclusions: Despite heterogeneity in the literature reviewed, the findings support the proposal of a SOP to guide future research on DT training in healthy older adults. Given its feasibility and positive effects on both motor and cognitive functions, this type of training can also be implemented in everyday settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci15080785","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T14:22:44Z","timestamp":1753280564000},"page":"785","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A Standard Operating Procedure for Dual-Task Training to Improve Physical and Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8106-537X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Petrigna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6512-3840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandra","family":"Amato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7037-759X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Castorina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience (LCMN), School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8260-8890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Musumeci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy"},{"name":"Research Center on Motor Activities (CRAM), University of Catania, Via S. Sofia n 97, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-6362(01)00156-4","article-title":"Attention and the control of posture and gait: A review of an emerging area of research","volume":"16","author":"Woollacott","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1123\/japa.2019-0474","article-title":"Dual-task conditions on static postural control in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"29","author":"Petrigna","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Aging Phys. Act."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khan, M.J., Kannan, P., Wong, T.W., Fong, K.N.K., and Winser, S.J. (2022). 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