{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T05:20:11Z","timestamp":1764652811793,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]],"date-time":"2025-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764374400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The brain in healthy adults shows language localization in the left hemisphere, and the evidence from the literature supports neural plasticity after traumatic injuries. What happens if an injury occurs early in brain development? How does early unilateral brain damage affect a child\u2019s ability to acquire language? Evidence regarding language development after early unilateral brain damage is mixed. Therefore, this case report aims to present the language and cognitive status at the age of seven in a child who suffered a left-sided arterial presumed perinatal ischemic stroke (APPIS), with reference to her MRI findings. As part of her ongoing rehabilitation, she has received continuous speech therapy since age four and physiotherapy since six months of age. The current evaluation provides insights into long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes following early brain injury, highlighting the variability in clinical outcomes and considering the potential for functional restitution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci15121291","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T09:34:37Z","timestamp":1764581677000},"page":"1291","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Long-Term Cognitive and Language Outcomes at the Age of Seven Following Arterial Presumed Perinatal Ischemic Stroke: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9004-5119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivana","family":"Bogavac","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Research and Development Institute \u201cLife Activities Advancement Institute\u201d, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"},{"name":"Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Institute for Experimental Phonetics and Speech Pathology, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0391-1366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ljiljana","family":"Jeli\u010di\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Research and Development Institute \u201cLife Activities Advancement Institute\u201d, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"},{"name":"Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Institute for Experimental Phonetics and Speech Pathology, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1538-4390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jelena","family":"\u0110or\u0111evi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Neurology and Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3779-2737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma\u0161a","family":"Marisavljevi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Research and Development Institute \u201cLife Activities Advancement Institute\u201d, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"},{"name":"Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Institute for Experimental Phonetics and Speech Pathology, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nenad","family":"Polomac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt am Main, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6154-7338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivana","family":"Pavkovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Research and Development Institute \u201cLife Activities Advancement Institute\u201d, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"},{"name":"Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Institute for Experimental Phonetics and Speech Pathology, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3750-7991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mile","family":"Vukovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2020013201","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2020-013201","article-title":"Population based birth prevalence of disease-specific perinatal stroke","volume":"146","author":"Dunbar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(18)30173-1","article-title":"Perinatal stroke: Mechanisms, management, and outcomes of early cerebrovascular brain injury","volume":"2","author":"Dunbar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet. 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