{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]],"date-time":"2026-04-26T05:16:15Z","timestamp":1777180575400,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,25]],"date-time":"2025-12-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Psychiatric conditions are highly prevalent and among the leading causes of disability worldwide. Comorbidities are common in psychiatric patients but are not adequately addressed in diagnostic manuals such as the DSM-5. Understanding the impact of comorbidities on patients\u2019 symptoms and brain activity could improve the personalization of therapeutic approaches, leading to better outcomes. Given the complexity of this task, a feasible strategy is to examine how comorbidities affect brain activity and a condition commonly observed in psychiatric patients, such as cognitive impairment. Methods: In this study, we assessed impulsiveness, working memory performance, and theta\/beta ratio in controls and in subjects exhibiting symptoms of depression, ADHD, and suicide risk. Participants differed in the presence of alcohol use disorders, in addition to the aforementioned symptoms, either presenting no alcohol use disorder (DAS), hazardous alcohol consumption (DAS-H), or risk of alcohol dependence (DAS-D). Results: All three comorbid groups (DAS, DAS-H, DAS-D) showed increased impulsiveness compared with controls, while the DAS-D group also exhibited higher motor impulsiveness than both the DAS and DAS-H groups. A widespread increase in theta\/beta ratio was observed only in the DAS group. Conclusions: These results indicate that comorbid alcohol use disorders modulate motor impulsiveness and theta\/beta ratio in subjects with symptoms of depression, ADHD, and suicide risk. The findings underscore the importance of considering comorbidities when personalizing treatment strategies for psychiatric patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci16010034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T00:50:21Z","timestamp":1766710221000},"page":"34","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Impact of Psychiatric Comorbidity on Cognitive Performance and EEG Theta\/Beta Ratio: A Preliminary Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0274-6899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wendy Ver\u00f3nica","family":"Herrera-Morales","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Neurofisiolog\u00eda, Departamento de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas, Divisi\u00f3n de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Quintana Roo, Chetumal CP 77039, Quintana Roo, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9807-8970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen Nicte-Ha","family":"Tuz-Castellanos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Neurofisiolog\u00eda, Departamento de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas, Divisi\u00f3n de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Quintana Roo, Chetumal CP 77039, Quintana Roo, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6303-4473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juli\u00e1n Valeriano","family":"Reyes-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisi\u00f3n de Investigaci\u00f3n y Posgrado, Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Quer\u00e9taro, Cerro de las Campanas s\/n, Santiago de Quer\u00e9taro CP 76010, Quer\u00e9taro, Mexico"},{"name":"Unidad de Neurodiagn\u00f3stico \u201cDr. Mois\u00e9s L\u00f3pez\u201d, Facultad de Qu\u00edmica, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Quer\u00e9taro, Cerro de las Campanas S\/N-Edificio 5, Centro Universitario, Santiago de Quer\u00e9taro CP 76017, Quer\u00e9taro, Mexico"},{"name":"Psiquiatr\u00eda Integral Juriquilla S.C. Acueducto de Zacatecas 516, Santiago de Quer\u00e9taro CP 76230, Quer\u00e9taro, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3590-6825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Efra\u00edn","family":"Santiago-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagn\u00f3stico, Tratamiento e Investigaci\u00f3n Neurol\u00f3gica, S.C. Prolongaci\u00f3n Pino Su\u00e1rez No. 357-A Col. 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