{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T13:10:14Z","timestamp":1777900214579,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This review explores the hypothesis that schizophrenic symptoms may be understood not as isolated deficits, but as interconnected manifestations of a structural reorganization of consciousness. The premises of this work are grounded in a comparative matrix that suggests an underlying \u201cconsanguinity\u201d between the philosopher\u2019s voluntary epoch\u00e9\u2014the suspension of the natural attitude performed to study the inner workings of consciousness\u2014and the involuntary \u201cunworlding\u201d passively experienced in schizophrenia. By exploring this shared ontological ground, the text suggests how specific phenomenological shifts, such as the collapse of the \u201cvital drive,\u201d may manifest as clinical markers; this process may eventually lead to an involuntary \u201ctranscendental reduction\u201d where the mind\u2019s internal machinery becomes an object of forced awareness. Building on these premises, the review tentatively outlines several key achievements. It addresses the substrate-subjectivity gap by linking biological sensory-binding failures to the onset of involuntary hyper-reflexivity. Regarding structural loss and gain of function, it suggests that the psychotic transition involves a simultaneous erosion of common-sense coherence and an intensified receptivity to unfiltered perceptual fragments, which may trigger a search for metaphysical meanings. In terms of a therapeutic synthesis, it proposes exploring the conversion of \u201cartless decentering\u201d into a manageable, strategic distance through mindfulness and person-centered position-taking. Finally, it discusses a potential nosographic evolution, advocating for future diagnostic classifications that prioritize the experiencing self and qualitative insights to support a more translational and empathetic approach to psychiatry.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci16050498","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T10:15:27Z","timestamp":1777630527000},"page":"498","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Schizophrenic Consciousness in the Light of the Phenomenological Epoch\u00e9: A Foundational Map for Psychiatry"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Stanghellini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy"},{"name":"Centro de Estudios de Fenomenologia y Psiquiatr\u00edas, Diego Portales University, Santiago 8370068, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Saks, E.R. 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