{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T20:49:29Z","timestamp":1791492569553,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Hemorrhagic transformation is a major complication after thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke, and its risk assessment based on baseline non-contrast CT (NCCT) remains limited. This study aims to evaluate the role of CT-based texture analysis of the infarcted region on baseline NCCT in characterizing tissue vulnerability to hemorrhagic transformation. Methods: This retrospective single-center study included 50 patients with supratentorial acute ischemic stroke treated with thrombolysis. All patients underwent baseline NCCT and follow-up CT at 24 h and were divided into those with hemorrhagic transformation (n = 33) and those without (n = 17). Texture analysis was performed using MaZda software, and feature selection was conducted using the Fisher coefficient. Discriminatory ability was assessed using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Results: Gray-level and run-length non-uniformity features were significantly lower in patients with hemorrhagic transformation (p &lt; 0.001). These parameters yielded AUCs of 0.94\u20130.97, highlighting their potential as exploratory imaging biomarkers. Conclusions: CT-based texture analysis of baseline NCCT may provide additional quantitative information associated with subsequent hemorrhagic transformation. However, given the small sample size, single-center design and absence of external validation, these findings should be interpreted as exploratory and hypothesis-generating.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci16060556","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T02:32:28Z","timestamp":1779676348000},"page":"556","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["CT Texture Analysis of Acute Ischemic Stroke: Prediction of Hemorrhagic Transformation After Thrombolysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Csaba","family":"Csutak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cIuliu Ha\u021bieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj-Napoca, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0921-5977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diana","family":"Ursu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cIuliu Ha\u021bieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj-Napoca, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2815-2132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrei","family":"Lebovici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cIuliu Ha\u021bieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj-Napoca, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Lenghel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cIuliu Ha\u021bieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj-Napoca, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5340-5325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrei","family":"Roman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cIuliu Ha\u021bieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, \u201cProf. Dr. Ion Chiricu\u021b\u0103\u201d Institute of Oncology, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4708-0178","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Calin","family":"Schiau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cIuliu Ha\u021bieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj-Napoca, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8856-4078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adina","family":"Stan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Iuliu Ha\u021bieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 8 Victor Babe\u0219 Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Neurology Department, Emergency Clinical County Hospital, No. 43 Victor Babes Street, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1780-4542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roxana Adelina","family":"Stefan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Municipal Clinical Hospital of Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Tabacarilor Street, 400139 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Histology, \u201cIuliu Ha\u021bieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Victor Babes Street Number 8, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7090-9942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mihnea-Ionut","family":"Nicoara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj-Napoca, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5358-2137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul-Andrei","family":"Stefan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj-Napoca, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, \u201cIuliu Ha\u0163ieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Victor Babes Street Number 8, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2013.203","article-title":"Hemorrhagic Transformation after Ischemic Stroke in Animals and Humans","volume":"34","author":"Jickling","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. 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