{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T12:03:28Z","timestamp":1790165008976,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Laboratorios Bial S.A."},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05b75nt23","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sci.","Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: To evaluate the sustained real-world effectiveness and safety of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitors added to levodopa in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) presenting early motor fluctuations. Methods: REONPARK is an ongoing, multicenter, prospective observational study conducted in Spain. Adult patients with PD and end-of-dose motor fluctuations for &lt;2 years initiating a COMT inhibitor were included. Outcomes assessed at 3, 6, and 12 months included Clinician and Patient Global Impression of Change (CGI-C, PGI-C), Movement Disorder Society\u2013Unified Parkinson\u2019s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS), Wearing-off Questionnaire (WOQ-19), Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS), Parkinson\u2019s Disease Questionnaire-8 (PDQ-8), and safety. This article presents the 3-, 6-, and 12-month planned interim analysis of the study. Results: A total of 143 patients were included (99.3% treated with opicapone), of whom 138, 131, and 89 patients completed the 3, 6, and 12 months of follow-up, respectively. Levodopa doses remained stable in most patients (73% at 12 months). Significant and sustained improvements were observed in MDS-UPDRS Parts III and IV scores, as well as the total MDS-UPDRS score over 12 months, with greater likelihood of Part IV improvement in patients receiving &lt;4.5 mg\/kg\/day of levodopa. OFF time decreased by 1.6\u20132.0 h from baseline. ON-time quality was maintained over time with 97.7% of patients reporting no or minimal functional impact from dyskinesia, while 47.7% of patients had no impact from motor fluctuations and 36.4% of patients no longer experienced OFF periods at 12 months. PDQ-8 scores remained stable and no overall benefit on total non-motor symptoms burden was demonstrated, despite improvements in selected domains among patients with a higher baseline non-motor symptoms burden. WOQ-19 scores improved significantly. Conclusions: In PD patients with early motor fluctuations, opicapone initiation was associated with sustained improvements in motor outcomes and reduced OFF time, and maintained the ON-time quality over 12 months, with stable levodopa dosing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci16090961","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T10:51:37Z","timestamp":1789123897000},"page":"961","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Real-World Use of Opicapone in Management of Patients with Parkinson\u2019s Disease and Early Motor Fluctuations in Spain: 12-Month Interim Analysis of REONPARK Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4615-4542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lydia","family":"L\u00f3pez-Manzanares","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Cerd\u00e1n S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Santa Lucia, 30202 Cartagena, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Berta","family":"Solano Vila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hospital Josep Trueta, 17007 Girona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hospital Santa Caterina, 17004 Girona, 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