{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T20:15:16Z","timestamp":1789503316436,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":138,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,26]],"date-time":"2013-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1366934400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) are a common phenomenon, occurring in the \u201chealthy\u201d population as well as in several mental illnesses, most notably schizophrenia. Current thinking supports a spectrum conceptualisation of AVH: several neurocognitive hypotheses of AVH have been proposed, including the \u201cfeed-forward\u201d model of failure to provide appropriate information to somatosensory cortices so that stimuli appear unbidden, and an \u201caberrant memory model\u201d implicating deficient memory processes. Neuroimaging and connectivity studies are in broad agreement with these with a general dysconnectivity between frontotemporal regions involved in language, memory and salience properties. Disappointingly many AVH remain resistant to standard treatments and persist for many years. There is a need to develop novel therapies to augment existing pharmacological and psychological therapies: transcranial magnetic stimulation has emerged as a potential treatment, though more recent clinical data has been less encouraging. Our understanding of AVH remains incomplete though much progress has been made in recent years. We herein provide a broad overview and review of this.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci3020642","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,26]],"date-time":"2013-04-26T11:27:28Z","timestamp":1366975648000},"page":"642-669","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Mechanisms Underlying Auditory Hallucinations\u2014Understanding Perception without Stimulus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Derek","family":"Tracy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognition, Schizophrenia & Imaging Laboratory, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK"},{"name":"Oxleas NHS Foundation Trust, Princess Royal University Hospital, Kent BR6 8NY, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sukhwinder","family":"Shergill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognition, Schizophrenia & Imaging Laboratory, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK"},{"name":"National Psychosis Unit, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Kent BR3 3BX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700011910","article-title":"Early manifestations and first-contact incidence of schizophrenia in different cultures. 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