{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T05:03:07Z","timestamp":1779339787770,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":150,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,23]],"date-time":"2017-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1487808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Emil and Wera Cornell\u2019s Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Many neurological disorders affect men and women differently regarding prevalence, progression, and severity. It is clear that many of these disorders may originate from defective signaling during fetal or perinatal brain development, which may affect males and females differently. Such sex-specific differences may originate from chromosomal or sex-hormone specific effects. This short review will focus on the estrogen receptor beta (ER\u03b2) signaling during perinatal brain development and put it in the context of sex-specific differences in neurodevelopmental disorders. We will discuss ER\u03b2\u2019s recent discovery in directing DNA de-methylation to specific sites, of which one such site may bear consequences for the susceptibility to the neurological reading disorder dyslexia. We will also discuss how dysregulations in sex-hormone signaling, like those evoked by endocrine disruptive chemicals, may affect this and other neurodevelopmental disorders in a sex-specific manner through ER\u03b2.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci7030024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,23]],"date-time":"2017-02-23T11:45:01Z","timestamp":1487850301000},"page":"24","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Genes, Gender, Environment, and Novel Functions of Estrogen Receptor Beta in the Susceptibility to Neurodevelopmental Disorders"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2165-0152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mukesh","family":"Varshney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge 14183, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6828-2583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan","family":"Nalvarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge 14183, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.109.002071","article-title":"Estrogen actions in the brain and the basis for differential action in men and women: A case for sex-specific medicines","volume":"62","author":"Gillies","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pharmacol. 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