{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T01:19:24Z","timestamp":1793150364892,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":245,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,18]],"date-time":"2017-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1503014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["340559"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["340559"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Fonds de recherche du Qu\u00e9bec \u2013 Sant\u00e9","award":["32114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32114"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Neurocognitive functioning in Tourette syndrome (TS) has been the subject of intensive research in the past 30 years. A variety of impairments, presumably related to frontal and frontostriatal dysfunctions, have been observed. These impairments were found in various domains, such as attention, memory, executive functions, language, motor and visuomotor functions, among others. In line with contemporary research, other neurocognitive domains have recently been explored in TS, bringing evidence of altered social reasoning, for instance. Therefore, the aims of this review are to give an overview of the neuropsychological dimensions of TS, to report how neuropsychological functions evolve from childhood to adulthood, and to explain how various confounding factors can affect TS patients\u2019 performance in neuropsychological tasks. Finally, an important contribution of this review is to show how recent research has confirmed or changed our beliefs about neuropsychological functioning in TS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci7080106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,21]],"date-time":"2017-08-21T04:12:17Z","timestamp":1503288737000},"page":"106","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["A Review of the Neuropsychological Dimensions of Tourette Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5880-3688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon","family":"Morand-Beaulieu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de recherche de l\u2019Institut universitaire en sant\u00e9 mentale de Montr\u00e9al, 7331 rue Hochelaga, Montr\u00e9al, QC H1N 3V2, Canada"},{"name":"D\u00e9partement de neurosciences, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, 2960 Chemin de la Tour, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3T 1J4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Leclerc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de recherche de l\u2019Institut universitaire en sant\u00e9 mentale de Montr\u00e9al, 7331 rue Hochelaga, Montr\u00e9al, QC H1N 3V2, Canada"},{"name":"D\u00e9partement de psychologie, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al, 100, rue Sherbrooke Ouest, Montr\u00e9al, QC H2X 3P2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Valois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de recherche de l\u2019Institut universitaire en sant\u00e9 mentale de Montr\u00e9al, 7331 rue Hochelaga, Montr\u00e9al, QC H1N 3V2, Canada"},{"name":"D\u00e9partement de psychologie, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al, 100, rue Sherbrooke Ouest, Montr\u00e9al, QC H2X 3P2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3037-3890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc","family":"Lavoie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de recherche de l\u2019Institut universitaire en sant\u00e9 mentale de Montr\u00e9al, 7331 rue Hochelaga, Montr\u00e9al, QC H1N 3V2, Canada"},{"name":"D\u00e9partement de neurosciences, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, 2960 Chemin de la Tour, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3T 1J4, Canada"},{"name":"D\u00e9partement de psychiatrie, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, 2900, boulevard \u00c9douard-Montpetit, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3T 1J4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kieron","family":"O\u2019Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de recherche de l\u2019Institut universitaire en sant\u00e9 mentale de Montr\u00e9al, 7331 rue Hochelaga, Montr\u00e9al, QC H1N 3V2, Canada"},{"name":"D\u00e9partement de psychologie, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al, 100, rue Sherbrooke Ouest, Montr\u00e9al, QC H2X 3P2, Canada"},{"name":"D\u00e9partement de psychiatrie, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, 2900, boulevard \u00c9douard-Montpetit, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3T 1J4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Gauthier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de recherche de l\u2019Institut universitaire en sant\u00e9 mentale de Montr\u00e9al, 7331 rue Hochelaga, Montr\u00e9al, QC H1N 3V2, Canada"},{"name":"D\u00e9partement de psychologie, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Campus Laval, 1700 rue Jacques-T\u00e9treault, Laval, QC H7N 0B6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (2013). 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