{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T15:21:00Z","timestamp":1768317660398,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,31]],"date-time":"2018-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1532995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hereditary spastic paraplegia is an inherited, progressive paralysis of the lower limbs first described by Adolph Str\u00fcmpell in 1883 with a further detailed description of the disease by Maurice Lorrain in 1888. Today, more than 100 years after the first case of HSP was described, we still do not know how mutations in HSP genes lead to degeneration of the corticospinal motor neurons. This review describes how patient-derived stem cells contribute to understanding the disease mechanism at the cellular level and use this for discovery of potential new therapeutics, focusing on SPAST mutations, the most common cause of HSP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci8080142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]],"date-time":"2018-08-01T03:10:01Z","timestamp":1533093001000},"page":"142","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Patient-Derived Stem Cell Models in SPAST HSP: Disease Modelling and Drug Discovery"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Gautam","family":"Wali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolyn M.","family":"Sue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4446-5371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alan","family":"Mackay-Sim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70258-8","article-title":"Hereditary spastic paraplegia: Clinical features and pathogenetic mechanisms","volume":"7","author":"Salinas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-005-1415-3","article-title":"Spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging in autosomal dominant hereditary spastic paraplegia","volume":"47","author":"Hedera","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-015-1536-7","article-title":"Delving into the complexity of hereditary spastic paraplegias: How unexpected phenotypes and inheritance modes are revolutionizing their nosology","volume":"134","author":"Tesson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum. 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