{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T13:35:49Z","timestamp":1788183349942,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,27]],"date-time":"2019-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1558915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["16-15-00274"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16-15-00274"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Diagnostic accuracy of different chronic disorders of consciousness (DOC) can be affected by the false negative errors in up to 40% cases. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the feasibility of a non-Gaussian diffusion approach in chronic DOC and to estimate a sensitivity of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) metrics for the differentiation of vegetative state\/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (VS\/UWS) and minimally conscious state (MCS) from a healthy brain state. We acquired diffusion MRI data from 18 patients in chronic DOC (11 VS\/UWS, 7 MCS) and 14 healthy controls. A quantitative comparison of the diffusion metrics for grey (GM) and white (WM) matter between the controls and patient group showed a significant (p &lt; 0.05) difference in supratentorial WM and GM for all evaluated diffusion metrics, as well as for brainstem, corpus callosum, and thalamus. An intra-subject VS\/UWS and MCS group comparison showed only kurtosis metrics and fractional anisotropy differences using tract-based spatial statistics, owing mainly to macrostructural differences on most severely lesioned hemispheres. As a result, we demonstrated an ability of DKI metrics to localise and detect changes in both WM and GM and showed their capability in order to distinguish patients with a different level of consciousness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci9050123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,27]],"date-time":"2019-05-27T11:19:27Z","timestamp":1558955967000},"page":"123","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Feasibility of Non-Gaussian Diffusion Metrics in Chronic Disorders of Consciousness"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9396-6063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena I.","family":"Kremneva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Neurology, 80 Volokolamskoe shosse, 125367 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liudmila A.","family":"Legostaeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Neurology, 80 Volokolamskoe shosse, 125367 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9093-344X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofya N.","family":"Morozova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Neurology, 80 Volokolamskoe shosse, 125367 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9130-1292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dmitry V.","family":"Sergeev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Neurology, 80 Volokolamskoe shosse, 125367 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9951-9803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dmitry O.","family":"Sinitsyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Neurology, 80 Volokolamskoe shosse, 125367 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0382-7719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizaveta G.","family":"Iazeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Neurology, 80 Volokolamskoe shosse, 125367 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksandr S.","family":"Suslin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Neurology, 80 Volokolamskoe shosse, 125367 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia A.","family":"Suponeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Neurology, 80 Volokolamskoe shosse, 125367 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina V.","family":"Krotenkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Neurology, 80 Volokolamskoe shosse, 125367 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Piradov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Neurology, 80 Volokolamskoe shosse, 125367 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6319-6774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan I.","family":"Maximov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Forskningsveien 3A, 0373 Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Norway and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo Universitetssykehus Bygg 48 Ullev\u00e5l, 0317 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2005.10.010","article-title":"The neural correlate of (un)awareness: Lessons from the vegetative state","volume":"9","author":"Laureys","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. 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