{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:34:29Z","timestamp":1787027669621,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,2]],"date-time":"2022-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646179200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Behavioral Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The 2020 Fort McMurray (FMM) and area flood caused more than $228 million in insured damage, affected over 1200 structures, and more than 13,000 people were evacuated. Objective: This study sought to determine the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-like symptoms and the risk predictors among the population of FMM one year after the 2020 flooding. Methods: An online quantitative cross-sectional survey was distributed to residents of FMM via REDCap between 24 April to 2 June 2021 to collect sociodemographic, clinical, and flood-related information. The PTSD checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-C) was used to assess likely PTSD among respondents. Results: 186 of 249 respondents completed all essential self-assessment questionnaires in the analysis, yielding a response rate of 74.7%. The prevalence of likely PTSD was 39.6% (65). Respondents with a history of depression were more likely to develop PTSD symptoms (OR = 5.71; 95% CI: 1.68\u201319.36). Similarly, responders with limited and no family support after the disaster were more prone to report PTSD symptoms ((OR = 2.87; 95% CI: 1.02\u20138.05) and (OR = 2.87; 95% CI: 1.06\u20137.74), respectively). Conclusions: Our research indicated that history of depression and the need for mental health counseling significantly increased the risk of developing PTSD symptoms following flooding; family support is protective. Further studies are needed to explore the relations between the need to receive counseling and presenting with likely PTSD symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bs12030069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,2]],"date-time":"2022-03-02T22:53:25Z","timestamp":1646261605000},"page":"69","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["One Year after the Flood: Prevalence and Correlates of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among Residents in Fort McMurray"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0690-0766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wanying","family":"Mao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8277-2570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ejemai","family":"Eboreime","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3717-6398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reham","family":"Shalaby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nnamdi","family":"Nkire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Belinda","family":"Agyapong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada"},{"name":"Global Psychological E-Health Foundation, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3511-4652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah","family":"Pazderka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5325-8054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gloria","family":"Obuobi-Donkor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Medard","family":"Adu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1231-4501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ernest","family":"Owusu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Folajinmi","family":"Oluwasina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanbo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent I. O.","family":"Agyapong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, 5909 Veterans Memorial Lane, 8th Floor Abbie J. Lane Memorial Building, QEII Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS B3H 2E2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1109877","article-title":"Natural disasters, armed conflict, and public health","volume":"369","author":"Leaning","year":"2013","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Guha-Sapir, D., Vos, F., Below, R., and Ponserre, S. (2012). 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