{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T19:31:46Z","timestamp":1791747106955,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,2]],"date-time":"2022-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Behavioral Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: Suicide in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) is related to the chronotype of the person from a biological perspective. However, it is not known whether there is a relationship between suicide and psychological time in BD. The aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship between time perspective (TP) and suicide and the effect of TP on the relationship between suicide and chronotype in euthymic patients with BD. (2) Methods: We included 150 BD patients and 84 healthy controls in this cross-sectional study. We administered the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI), Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI), and Morning\u2013Evening Questionnaire (MEQ). (3) Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the median scores of past negative TP, present fatalistic TP, future TP, and MEQ total score (p &lt; 0.001, p &lt; 0.001, p = 0.010, and p = 0.020, respectively). There was a significant correlation between past negative TP, future TP, MEQ scores, and BSSI scores in the patient group (p &lt; 0.001, p = 0.018, and p = 0.028, respectively). An inverse and significant relationship between the MEQ total score and BSSI score and TP types had a mediator role in this relationship. (4) Conclusions: Our study shows that TP, which evaluates time from a psychological perspective, has a direct relationship with suicidal ideation and a mediating role in the relationship between chronotype and suicide. According to our results, we can conclude that ZTPI can also be used to evaluate the risk of suicidality in patients with BD. Appropriate therapy methods for TP may help to prevent some suicide attempts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bs12120492","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]],"date-time":"2022-12-05T04:40:09Z","timestamp":1670215209000},"page":"492","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The Mediating Role of Time Perspective in the Relationship between Chronotype and Suicide in Bipolar Disorder"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Mahmut Onur","family":"Karaytu\u011f","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, \u00c7ukurova University, Balcali Campus, Adana 01330, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9750-7531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lut","family":"Tamam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, \u00c7ukurova University, Balcali Campus, Adana 01330, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3965-7360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet Emin","family":"Demirkol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, \u00c7ukurova University, Balcali Campus, Adana 01330, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8954-5901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zeynep","family":"Naml\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, \u00c7ukurova University, Balcali Campus, Adana 01330, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmut","family":"G\u00fcrb\u00fcz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Elisabeth Krankenhaus Klinik Fur Psychiatrie Und, Psychotherapie, 45891 Gelsenkirchen, Nordrhein Westfalen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caner","family":"Ye\u015filo\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Ahi Evran University, Kirsehir 40100, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d6zge","family":"Eri\u015f Davut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Hatay Training and Research Hospital, Antakya 31001, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2011.06.008","article-title":"Life expectancy among persons with schizophrenia or bipolar affective disorder","volume":"131","author":"Laursen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Schizophr Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(01)00377-9","article-title":"Mortality of patients with mood disorders: Follow-up over 34\u201338 years","volume":"68","author":"Angst","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. 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