{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:34:00Z","timestamp":1760150040133,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Auckland"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Behavioral Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Generalized Workplace Harassment Questionnaire (GWHQ) has not been validated among medical students whilst they are on clinical placements. Therefore, this study aims to validate its use when applied to this cohort. A sample of 205 medical students in their clinical training phase completed the GWHQ. To examine the validity of the proposed factor structure of the validated 25-item GWHQ, which was reduced to from the original 29-item set, a confirmatory factor analysis was conducted. Model fit was appraised by evaluating the comparative fit index (CFI), the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), and the standardized root mean squared residual (SRMR). Spearman\u2019s rho correlation coefficients were applied to correlations between factors. With the exclusion of Item 19, the resulting fit was improved. In the revised model for a 24-item GWHQ, CFI = 0.995, RMSEA = 0.047, and SRMR = 0.115. Overall, the fit met the criteria for two fit indices and was thus deemed to be acceptable. Factor loadings ranged from 0.49 to 0.96. The Spearman\u2019s rho correlation coefficient between Verbal and Covert Hostility was high, although all correlations with Physical Hostility were weak. In conclusion, the amended 24-item version of the GWHQ is a valid instrument for appraising instances of harassment or hostility within clinical placements attended by medical students in New Zealand.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bs13100791","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T10:48:31Z","timestamp":1695552511000},"page":"791","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Validation of the Generalized Workplace Harassment Questionnaire for Use with Medical Students"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Marcus A.","family":"Henning","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Medical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7298-0736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian U.","family":"Kr\u00e4geloh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Medical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6585-4136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fiona","family":"Moir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Practice and Primary Healthcare, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6997-4263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Craig S.","family":"Webster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Medical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Colenbrander, L., Causer, L., and Haire, B. 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