{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T03:28:19Z","timestamp":1768015699712,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750809600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"UNC Greensboro"},{"name":"University of Texas at Austin"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Behavioral Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Amidst the health and socioeconomic burdens COVID-19 placed on families, communities of color also grappled with heightened xenophobia and racism. Yet, adolescents also found silver linings in the form of spending time with family and engaging in activities promoting relaxation and leisure. The present study examined parent-adolescent relationship quality (RQ) as a moderator of the relations of Latinx youth\u2019s environment (i.e., racial-ethnic discrimination, COVID-19 stress, and COVID-19 silver linings) on their anxiety and depressive symptoms, both concurrently and six months later. Participants included 135 Latinx adolescents (Mage = 16.00, SD = 1.27; 59.3% female; 85.2% U.S.-born). Path analytic models revealed that youth discrimination experiences were positively associated with youth symptomatology, whereas COVID-19 silver linings and positive RQ were negatively associated with youth symptomatology. We also found that at mean and higher levels of negative RQ, discrimination experiences were positively associated with concurrent anxiety symptoms, suggesting that negative relationship features (e.g., conflict, pressure) exacerbated the effects of discrimination on youth anxiety. Therefore, stressors may predict youth symptomatology concurrently, but cultivating a positive parent-adolescent relationship and encouraging finding silver linings may bolster resilience in Latinx youth across time amidst adversity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bs15070862","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T06:46:12Z","timestamp":1751438772000},"page":"862","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Parent-Adolescent Relationship Quality on Youth Symptoms Amidst COVID-19"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7854-6930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frances M.","family":"Lobo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8132-2551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Casandra J.","family":"Gomez Alvarado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2278-8797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giselle","family":"De Leon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Education, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valerie V.","family":"Salcido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, UNC Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4752-4699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"Sanchez-Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, UNC Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriela L.","family":"Stein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1080\/15374416.2022.2158839","article-title":"Latinx LGBTQ youth, COVID-19, and psychological well-being: A systematic review","volume":"53","author":"Abreu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1037\/cdp0000324","article-title":"Measurement of a Latino cultural value: The Simpat\u00eda scale","volume":"26","author":"Acevedo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2130479","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.30479","article-title":"Racial and ethnic disparities in rates of COVID-19\u2013associated hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, and in-hospital death in the United States from March 2020 to February 2021","volume":"4","author":"Acosta","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Network Open"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adams, E. L., Smith, D., Caccavale, L. J., and Bean, M. K. (2021). Parents are stressed! Patterns of parent stress across COVID-19. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.626456"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Afriat, M., De France, K., Stack, D. M., Serbin, L. A., and Hollenstein, T. (2023). Relationship quality and mental health implications for adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study. Journal of Child and Family Studies, Advance online publication.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-022-02519-3"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1086\/712413","article-title":"Ethnic-racial socialization among Latinx families: A systematic review of the literature","volume":"94","author":"Nieri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Social Service Review"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2641","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-021-02063-6","article-title":"Life interrupted: Family routines buffer stress during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"30","author":"Bates","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Child and Family Studies"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1037\/amp0000204","article-title":"Racial\/ethnic discrimination and well-being during adolescence: A meta-analytic review","volume":"73","author":"Benner","year":"2018","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"Damon, W., and Lerner, R. M. (2006). The bioecological model of human development. Handbook of child psychology: Theoretical models of human development, Wiley."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.1037\/dev0001237","article-title":"COVID-19 disruption gets inside the family: A two-month multilevel study of family stress during the pandemic","volume":"57","author":"Browne","year":"2021","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"Buhrmester, D., and Furman, W. (2008). The Network of Relationships Inventory: Relationship Qualities Version, University of Texas at Dallas. Unpublished measure."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cabrera, N., He, M., Chen, Y., and Reich, S. M. (2022). Risks and protective factors of Hispanic families and their young children during the COVID-19 pandemic. Children, 9, (6).","DOI":"10.3390\/children9060792"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1037\/a0034094","article-title":"Familism and psychological health: The intervening role of closeness and social support","volume":"20","author":"Campos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/15374416.2024.2304143","article-title":"Understanding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of Latinx children, youth, and families: Clinical challenges and opportunities","volume":"53","author":"Causadias","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691612436694","article-title":"\u201cShift-and-Persist\u201d strategies: Why low socioeconomic status isn\u2019t always bad for health","volume":"7","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Perspectives on Psychological Science"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-019-01037-8","article-title":"Coping and culture: The protective effects of shift-&-persist and ethnic-racial identity on depressive symptoms in Latinx youth","volume":"48","author":"Christophe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Youth and Adolescence"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1037\/str0000329","article-title":"Parenting stress and its impact on parental and child functioning during the COVID-19 pandemic: A meta-analytical review","volume":"31","author":"Chung","year":"2024","journal-title":"International Journal of Stress Management"},{"key":"ref_18","unstructured":"Compas, B. (2020). Response to stress questionnaire\u2014COVID-19, Vanderbilt University Stress and Coping Lab."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.68.6.976","article-title":"Responses to stress in adolescence: Measurement of coping and involuntary stress responses","volume":"68","author":"Compas","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1007\/s10566-021-09653-x","article-title":"COVID-19 conversations: A qualitative study of majority Hispanic\/Latinx youth experiences during early stages of the pandemic","volume":"51","author":"Asim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Child & Youth Care Forum"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1111\/famp.12771","article-title":"The effects of COVID-19 stressors and family life on anxiety and depression one-year into the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"62","author":"Crandall","year":"2023","journal-title":"Family Process"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1037\/spq0000459","article-title":"Outcomes of COVID-19 on Latinx youth: Considering the role of adverse childhood events and resilience","volume":"36","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2021","journal-title":"School Psychology"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1037\/a0033737","article-title":"Economic hardship and Mexican-origin adolescents\u2019 adjustment: Examining adolescents\u2019 perceptions of hardship and parent\u2013adolescent relationship quality","volume":"27","author":"Delgado","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Family Psychology"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-024-02048-w","article-title":"Changes in adolescents\u2019 COVID-19-health-related stress, parent-adolescent relationships, and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: The effect of personality traits","volume":"54","author":"Donker","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Youth and Adolescence"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146","article-title":"G* Power 3: A fexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences","volume":"39","author":"Faul","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-015-0609-0","article-title":"Family functioning and adolescent psychological maladjustment: The mediating role of coping strategies","volume":"47","author":"Francisco","year":"2016","journal-title":"Child Psychiatry and Human Development"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1080\/15374416.2022.2158837","article-title":"Implications of undocumented status for Latinx families during the COVID-19 pandemic: A call to action","volume":"53","author":"Garcini","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1177\/10664807211023875","article-title":"Family resilience during COVID-19 pandemic: A literature review","volume":"30","author":"Gayatri","year":"2022","journal-title":"The Family Journal"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guti\u00e9rrez-Cobo, M. J., Meg\u00edas-Robles, A., G\u00f3mez-Leal, R., Cabello, R., and Fern\u00e1ndez-Berrocal, P. (2021). Is it possible to be happy during the COVID-19 lockdown? A longitudinal study of the role of emotional regulation strategies and pleasant activities in happiness. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18, (6).","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18063211"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hammons, A. J., Robart, R., and Gonzalez, G. (2022). Time at home during the COVID-19 pandemic: Findings from focus groups with Hispanic parents. Children, 9, (5).","DOI":"10.3390\/children9050634"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3222","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291720005358","article-title":"Increases in depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescence and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"52","author":"Hawes","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10705519909540118","article-title":"Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives","volume":"6","author":"Hu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1177\/02724316211036744","article-title":"COVID-19 life events spill-over on family functioning and adolescent adjustment","volume":"42","author":"Hussong","year":"2022","journal-title":"The Journal of Early Adolescence"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-010-9619-3","article-title":"An item response analysis of the pediatric PROMIS anxiety and depressive symptoms scales","volume":"19","author":"Irwin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Quality of Life Research"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-012-9579-z","article-title":"Perceived parental warmth, and children\u2019s psychological adjustment, and personality dispositions: A meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"Khaleque","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Child and Family Studies"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1576","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2005.03.006","article-title":"Experiences of discrimination: Validity and reliability of a self-report measure for population health research on racism and health","volume":"61","author":"Krieger","year":"2005","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-022-01019-8","article-title":"Predictors of adolescent resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic in a community sample of Hispanic and Latinx youth: Expressive suppression and social support","volume":"51","author":"Kuhlman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2331593","DOI":"10.1080\/02673843.2024.2331593","article-title":"Stress and coping strategies among youth during the COVID-19 pandemic: A population-based cohort study","volume":"29","author":"Lehmann","year":"2024","journal-title":"International Journal of Adolescence and Youth"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2021.11.030","article-title":"The acute and persisting impact of COVID-19 on trajectories of adolescent depression: Sex differences and social connectedness","volume":"299","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lobo, F. M., Sanchez-Hernandez, P., Garcia, J., Jones, D., Salcido, V. V., and Stein, G. L. (2025). Fostering familial resilience in Latinx youth in the context of COVID-19. Journal of Latinx Psychology, Advance online publication.","DOI":"10.1037\/lat0000278"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lucia La Rosa, V., Tornatore, M., and Commodari, E. (2024). Exploring the interplay between individual and family functioning during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. Current Psychology, Advance online publication.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-024-06058-6"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1080\/02673843.2022.2117637","article-title":"Young in pandemic times: A scoping review of COVID-19 social impacts on youth","volume":"27","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Adolescence and Youth"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-020-01332-9","article-title":"Risk and protective factors for prospective changes in adolescent mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"50","author":"Magson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Youth and Adolescence"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1037\/fam0000760","article-title":"Coping (together) with hate: Strategies used by Mexican-origin families in response to racial\u2013ethnic discrimination","volume":"36","author":"Gonzalez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Family Psychology"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1111\/cdep.12471","article-title":"Invisible targets: Conceptualizing U.S. Latine youth\u2019s exposure to family-level vicarious racism","volume":"17","author":"Stein","year":"2023","journal-title":"Child Development Perspectives"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-019-01002-5","article-title":"Emotional coregulation in Mexican-origin parent\u2013adolescent dyads: Associations with adolescent mental health","volume":"48","author":"Mercado","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Youth and Adolescence"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.12.027","article-title":"Change in youth mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in a majority Hispanic\/Latinx US sample","volume":"60","author":"Penner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2021.03.006","article-title":"Moments in history as a catalyst for science: Placing the individual within a specific time and place","volume":"60","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1080\/15374416.2023.2169925","article-title":"The epidemic of internalizing problems among Latinx adolescents before and during the coronavirus 2019 pandemic","volume":"53","author":"Polo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1037\/lat0000212","article-title":"Online discrimination and mental health outcomes: The moderating roles of ethnic identity and immigrant generation among Latinx young adults","volume":"10","author":"Portillo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Latinx Psychology"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1037\/amp0000660","article-title":"Risk and resilience in family well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"75","author":"Prime","year":"2020","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ratliff, E. L., Morris, A. S., Cui, L., Jespersen, J. E., Silk, J. S., and Criss, M. M. (2023). Supportive parent-adolescent relationships as a foundation for adolescent emotion regulation and adjustment. Frontiers in Psychology, 14.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1193449"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2020.09.026","article-title":"The protective roles of exercise and maintenance of daily living routines for Chinese adolescents during the COVID-19 quarantine period","volume":"68","author":"Ren","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Adolescent Health"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-022-01603-7","article-title":"COVID-19 stressors and Latinx adolescents\u2019 mental health symptomology and school performance: A prospective study","volume":"51","author":"Roche","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Youth and Adolescence"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v048.i02","article-title":"lavaan: An R Package for Structural Equation Modeling","volume":"48","author":"Rosseel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Statistical Software"},{"key":"ref_56","unstructured":"RStudio Team (2025). RStudio: Integrated development for R. RStudio, PBC. Available online: http:\/\/www.rstudio.com\/."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1177\/07399863211041214","article-title":"Impact of COVID-19 on Latinos: A social determinants of health model and scoping review of the literature","volume":"43","author":"McDaniel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences"},{"key":"ref_58","unstructured":"SAMHSA (2022). Key substance use and mental health indicators in the United States: Results from the 2021 national survey on drug use and health, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Available online: https:\/\/www.samhsa.gov\/data\/report\/2021-nsduh-annual-national-report."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1037\/dev0001216","article-title":"Mexican-origin families coping together: Does family coping predict child coping?","volume":"57","author":"Santiago","year":"2021","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-019-01602-6","article-title":"Family coping among Mexican-origin immigrants: Links to child mental health","volume":"29","author":"Santiago","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Child and Family Studies"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1111\/jora.12990","article-title":"Latinx adolescents\u2019 daily family assistance and emotional well-being before and amid the COVID-19 pandemic: A pilot measurement burst study","volume":"34","author":"Shen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Research on Adolescence"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsab107","article-title":"Storm clouds and silver linings: Day-to-day life in COVID-19 lockdown and emotional health in adolescent girls","volume":"47","author":"Silk","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Psychology"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.1037\/dev0001236","article-title":"Parent\u2013adolescent relationship quality as a moderator of links between COVID-19 disruption and reported changes in mothers\u2019 and young adults\u2019 adjustment in five countries","volume":"57","author":"Skinner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Son, D., Updegraff, K. A., Uma\u00f1a-Taylor, A. J., and Feinberg, M. E. (2024). Parental warmth and parent\u2013child conflict among U.S. Latinx families in middle childhood. Journal of Family Psychology, Advance online publication.","DOI":"10.1037\/fam0001281"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2011.01.014","article-title":"Adolescents\u2019 cortisol reactivity and subjective distress in response to family conflict: The moderating role of internalizing symptoms","volume":"49","author":"Spies","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Adolescent Health"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1080\/15374416.2022.2158838","article-title":"Resilience in the time of COVID-19: Familial processes, coping, and mental health in Latinx adolescents","volume":"53","author":"Stein","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.1037\/dev0001196","article-title":"Implications of COVID-19 school closures for sibling dynamics among U.S. Latinx children: A prospective, daily diary study","volume":"57","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-021-01514-z","article-title":"Exposure to social media racial discrimination and mental health among adolescents of color","volume":"51","author":"Tao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Youth and Adolescence"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1111\/jora.12751","article-title":"Systems of oppression: The impact of discrimination on Latinx immigrant adolescents\u2019 well-being and development","volume":"32","author":"Torres","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Research on Adolescence"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"V\u00e9lez-Grau, C., Mufson, L., Buelvas, K., and Lindsey, M. A. (2024). A qualitative study of the impact of COVID-19 on family relationships and the lives of Latinx adolescents. Journal of Child and Family Studies, Advance online publication.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-024-02919-7"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1037\/lat0000195","article-title":"Economic and social consequences of COVID-19 and mental health burden among Latinx young adults during the 2020 pandemic","volume":"10","author":"Villatoro","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Latinx Psychology"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1111\/1532-7795.00033","article-title":"Coping with family conflict and economic strain: The adolescent perspective","volume":"12","author":"Wadsworth","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Research on Adolescence"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1545-5300.2003.00001.x","article-title":"Family resilience: A framework for clinical practice","volume":"42","author":"Walsh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Family Process"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-022-02015-8","article-title":"Predicting panel attrition in longitudinal HRQoL surveys during the COVID-19 pandemic in the US","volume":"20","author":"Yu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Health and Quality of Life Outcomes"}],"container-title":["Behavioral Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-328X\/15\/7\/862\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:58:39Z","timestamp":1760032719000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-328X\/15\/7\/862"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["bs15070862"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/bs15070862","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-328X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-328X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]]}}}