{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T22:06:57Z","timestamp":1783721217553,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]],"date-time":"2025-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Philosophy and Social Science Young Talent Team: Research on the occurrence mechanisms and intervention patterns of mental health problems in occupational populations","award":["2024-QNRC-88"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024-QNRC-88"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Behavioral Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>With the increasing complexity of ecological and environmental problems, eco-anxiety is increasingly recognized as an essential problem in China. Despite its prevalence, there is a lack of valid measurements in China. The purpose of the present study was to expand the Hogg Eco-anxiety Scale (HEAS) under the Chinese context and evaluate the psychometric attributes of the expanded scale. Specifically, a qualitative study was conducted in Study 1 (n = 17) to expand the HEAS in the Chinese context. Exploratory factor analysis in Study 2 (n = 297) and confirmatory factor analysis in Study 3 (n = 374) were conducted to validate the scale. The climate change anxiety scale and pro-environmental behavior scale were used to assess criterion-related validity in Study 4 (n = 305). Results indicated that a new eco-anxiety scale (i.e., EAS-20) including 20 items attributed to four dimension (somatic symptoms, affective symptoms, rumination, and behavioral symptoms) was developed. It showed satisfactory psychometric properties, including high internal consistency (\u03b1 = 0.97) and a four-factor structure explaining 84.36% of the variance. The criterion-related validity was acceptable (0.25 \u2264 r \u2264 0.37). The article concludes that the 20-item Eco-Anxiety Scale (EAS-20) has good psychometric properties and can be applied to measure eco-anxiety in the Chinese adult population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bs15070985","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]],"date-time":"2025-07-21T11:44:05Z","timestamp":1753098245000},"page":"985","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Measurement of Eco-Anxiety in the Chinese Context: Development and Validation of a New Eco-Anxiety Scale Based on the Hogg Eco-Anxiety Scale"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Dawei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China"},{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Mental Health, Jinan 250358, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6287-1763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ziying","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China"},{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Mental Health, Jinan 250358, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muze","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China"},{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Mental Health, Jinan 250358, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linrui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China"},{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Mental Health, Jinan 250358, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China"},{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Mental Health, Jinan 250358, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luyao","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Learning Department, Qingdao Malvern College, Qingdao 266106, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenxu","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China"},{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Mental Health, Jinan 250358, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiuqing","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China"},{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Mental Health, Jinan 250358, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Educational Science, Kashi University, Kashi 844000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yixin","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China"},{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Mental Health, Jinan 250358, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"65","article-title":"Item rotation in scale development: Exploring principles and strategies for improving scale validity and interoperability through factor analysis","volume":"6","author":"Alordiah","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nigerian Journal of Social Psychology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (2013). 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